Tuesday, June 11, 2013

Economics Lecture Thirteen

(Difference between revisions)This lecture is review of the course, in preparation of the final exam.  A student who took this class in 2007 sent me the following feedback from college:This lecture is the final review for this course, in preparation for the final exam.  A student who took this class in 2007 sent me the following feedback from college:{{cquote|My microeconomics class has been almost all review for me, because of the similar class I took from Mr. Andy Schlafly ....  Although other students who attended public schools may have taken 'economics' before, they have struggled with microeconomics this semester, because their high school classes completely ignored the free-market and Austrian economics"Austrian economics" is an approach to economics that emphasizes the free markets, minimizing governmental interference, respecting private property rights, and promoting gold as a monetary standard.  Beware, however, that Austrian economics organizations are often more libertarian than conservative on social issues, and Austrian economics itself has been slow in incorporating new economic insights such as the Coase theorem. which are taught [in college].}}{{cquote|My microeconomics class has been almost all review for me, because of the similar class I took from Mr. Andy Schlafly ....  Although other students who attended public schools may have taken 'economics' before, they have struggled with microeconomics this semester, because their high school classes completely ignored the free-market and Austrian economics"Austrian economics" is an approach to economics that emphasizes the free markets, minimizing governmental interference, respecting private property rights, and promoting gold as a monetary standard.  Beware, however, that Austrian economics organizations are often more libertarian than conservative on social issues, and Austrian economics itself has been slow in incorporating new economic insights such as the Coase theorem. which are taught [in college].}}Here is a list of the topics on the CLEP exam, along with how many questions are asked about each topic (as a percentage of the overall exam), and comments:Here is a list of the topics on the CLEP exam, along with how many questions are asked about each topic (as a percentage of the overall exam), plus tips about each concept:|cost measures (e.g., ATC, AFC, AVC) || 10% || FC is total cost when output is zero; convert to average costs by dividing by output and remember that ATC=AFC+AVC; know when a firm should shut down|cost measures (e.g., ATC, AFC, AVC) || 10% || FC is total cost when output is zero; convert to average costs by dividing by output.  Remember that ATC=AFC+AVC, and know when a firm should shut down.|Government policy || 10% || ''unbiased'': price ceilings cause shortages and taxes cause social (deadweight) loss;
''biased'': several pollution questions and the Lorenz curve (see discussion below)|Government policy || 10% || price ceilings cause shortages and taxes cause social (deadweight) loss; but beware of CLEP questions designed to make government regulation appear beneficial, as in reducing pollution|Inputs to a Firm (espec. labor) || 10% || key here is applying logic and other concepts to reason back from product demand to a firm's need for labor (workers); know effects of minimum wage laws; might also be asked about capital|Inputs to a Firm (espec. labor) || 10% || key here is applying logic and other concepts to reason back from product demand to a firm's need for labor (workers); know effects of minimum wage laws; might also be asked about capital|Perfect Competition || 6% || costs and profits and price are lowest for this market: P=MC=ATC and "economic profits" are squeezed to zero. If price falls, shut down in short run when PMC. P>ATC.  |Monopoly || 4% || the firm sets its price above marginal cost, but not higher than where MR=MC; economic profits are greater than zero; economic rent exists. P>MC. P>ATC.  |Demand Curve || 4% || what the public will pay; all firms in all kinds of markets are restrained by the Law of Demand|Demand Curve || 4% || what the public will pay; all firms in all kinds of markets are restrained by the Law of Demand|MC || 4% || marginal cost, which equals price in perfect competition.  For a monopoly P>MC but equals MR=MC|MC || 4% || marginal cost, which equals price in perfect competition.  For a monopoly P>MC but equals MR=MC|Public Goods || 3% || know the difference between these and private goods: public goods cannot exclude people from using the good|Public Goods || 3% || know the difference between these and private goods: public goods cannot exclude people from using the good without paying for it.|Returns to Scale || 2% || think Wal-Mart for increasing returns to scale; think a restaurant for decreasing returns to scale|Returns to Scale || 2% || think of Wal-Mart for increasing returns to scale; think of a kitchen for decreasing returns to scale ("too many cooks spoil the broth")|Consumer Surplus || 2% || what someone was willing to pay above what the good actually cost|Consumer Surplus || 2% || what someone was willing to pay above what the good actually cost|Imperfect Competition || 2% || P>MC for this market, which is "allocatively '''in'''efficient" (is not efficient in the allocation of resources); it takes perfect competition to drive P down to MC|Imperfect Competition || 2% || P>MC for this market, which is "allocatively '''in'''efficient" (is not efficient in the allocation of resources); it takes perfect competition to drive P down to MC|Utility || 2% || Overall satisfaction.  Recall our problem about hiking and reading? Marginal utility is your next bit of utility.  Indifference curve shows trade-off in utility.|Utility || 2% || overall satisfaction; recall our problem about hiking and reading. Marginal utility is your next bit of utility.  Indifference curve shows trade-off in utility.|Cross-Price Elasticity || 2% || Comparing change in demand for one good due to change in price for a ''different'' good|Cross-Price Elasticity || 2% || Comparing change in demand for one good due to change in price for a ''different'' good|Cartel || 1% || an oligopoly that illegally agrees to fix (set) prices, as OPEC does|Cartel || 1% || an oligopoly that illegally agrees to fix (set) prices, as OPEC does|Price discrimination || 1% || charging different prices for the good; only possible if the market allows the firm to set its own price|Price discrimination || 1% || charging different prices for the exact same good; only possible if the market allows the firm to set its own priceSome important topics are missing from the CLEP exam, such as the invisible hand, free market, charity, transaction costs, the time value of money, interest rates, the Coase theorem and Gresham's Law.  The reason is bias.  For example, once a student realizes how inefficient transaction costs are, he or she will probably not like government regulations much!  Instead of these concepts, the CLEP exam adds lots of questions about government regulation to try to make regulation look good.Some important topics are missing from the CLEP exam, such as the invisible hand, free market, charity, transaction costs, the time value of money, interest rates, the Coase theorem and Gresham's Law.  The reason is exam bias.  For example, once a student realizes how inefficient transaction costs are, he or she will probably not like government regulations much!  Instead of these concepts, the CLEP exam adds lots of questions about government regulation to try to make regulation look good.But other than bias in the selection of question, the CLEP exam does not have bias in its answers.  The rare exceptions are a few questions about government regulation.  For these few questions, the CLEP exam pretends that government regulation can make a market ''more'' efficient.  This is untrue, as proven by the Coase theorem, but the CLEP exam writers want people to think that government can somehow improve on the free market.But other than bias in the selection of question, the CLEP exam does not have bias in its answers.  The rare exceptions are one or two questions about government regulation.  For these few questions, the CLEP exam may pretend that government regulation can make a market ''more'' efficient.  That is untrue, as proven by the Coase theorem, but the CLEP exam writers want people to think that government can somehow improve on the free market.=== Exam Bias Concerning Regulation and Efficiency====== Exam Bias Concerning Regulation and Efficiency===

Economics Lectures - [1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14]

This lecture is the final review for this course, in preparation for the final exam. A student who took this class in 2007 sent me the following feedback from college:

My microeconomics class has been almost all review for me, because of the similar class I took from Mr. Andy Schlafly .... Although other students who attended public schools may have taken 'economics' before, they have struggled with microeconomics this semester, because their high school classes completely ignored the free-market and Austrian economics[1] which are taught [in college].

Let's begin this lecture by summarizing the percentages the CLEP exam devoted to particular topics. This will help organize the material we have covered in this course. Our online final exam next week will use a similar distribution in topics as the CLEP exam, but without over-emphasizing government policy as the CLEP exam does.

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Here is a list of the topics on the CLEP exam, along with how many questions are asked about each topic (as a percentage of the overall exam), plus tips about each concept:

cost measures (e.g., ATC, AFC, AVC) FC is total cost when output is zero; convert to average costs by dividing by output. Remember that ATC=AFC+AVC, and know when a firm should shut down. price ceilings cause shortages and taxes cause social (deadweight) loss; but beware of CLEP questions designed to make government regulation appear beneficial, as in reducing pollution Inputs to a Firm (espec. labor) key here is applying logic and other concepts to reason back from product demand to a firm's need for labor (workers); know effects of minimum wage laws; might also be asked about capital costs and profits and price are lowest for this type of market. P=MC=ATC and "economic profits" are squeezed to zero. If price falls, shut down in short run when PMC. P>ATC. what the public will pay; all firms in all kinds of markets are restrained by the Law of Demand marginal revenue is the increase in total revenue due to selling one more unit; profit maximized where MR=MC marginal cost, which equals price in perfect competition. For a monopoly P>MC but equals MR=MC know the difference between these and private goods: public goods cannot exclude people from using the good without paying for it. think of Wal-Mart for increasing returns to scale; think of a kitchen for decreasing returns to scale ("too many cooks spoil the broth") what someone was willing to pay above what the good actually cost nation with lower production costs should do what it does best only a few firms, like two gas stations at an intersection far away from any others; usually one Nash Equilibrium-type exam question P>MC for this market, which is "allocatively inefficient" (is not efficient in the allocation of resources); it takes perfect competition to drive P down to MC overall satisfaction; recall our problem about hiking and reading. Marginal utility is your next bit of utility. Indifference curve shows trade-off in utility. Comparing change in demand for one good due to change in price for a different good keep in mind that "economic costs" include opportunity costs in addition to actual out-of-pocket (accounting) costs think ketchup with french fries in the long run all costs are variable and can be minimized; short and long run mentioned in 20% of questions, to distinguish between quick changes and permanent ones two types: positive (music in an open-air park) and negative (pollution) when income goes up, demand for an inferior good or service goes down (e.g., demand for bankruptcy services) substitution and income effects increase in price means less demand because public uses substitutes (substitution effect of price increase) and becomes poorer (income effect of price increase) an oligopoly that illegally agrees to fix (set) prices, as OPEC does charging different prices for the exact same good; only possible if the market allows the firm to set its own price

Some important topics are missing from the CLEP exam, such as the invisible hand, free market, charity, transaction costs, the time value of money, interest rates, the Coase theorem and Gresham's Law. The reason is exam bias. For example, once a student realizes how inefficient transaction costs are, he or she will probably not like government regulations much! Instead of these concepts, the CLEP exam adds lots of questions about government regulation to try to make regulation look good.

But other than bias in the selection of question, the CLEP exam does not have bias in its answers. The rare exceptions are one or two questions about government regulation. For these few questions, the CLEP exam may pretend that government regulation can make a market more efficient. That is untrue, as proven by the Coase theorem, but the CLEP exam writers want people to think that government can somehow improve on the free market.

There are only two or three questions (out of nearly 100) on the CLEP exam that have biased answers. They concern regulation and efficiency. You can expect to see one or two CLEP questions where the correct answer is to support government regulation against pollution. The best way to think about pollution is in terms of its "negative externality," but the CLEP exam writers cast the issue in terms of an efficient use of resources. Under this view, pollution is inefficient because it results in inefficient harm to the environment. Laws against pollution supposedly increase efficiency by preventing harm to the "resource" of the environment. These regulations that prohibit pollution cause less output but supposedly ensure a more efficient use of environmental resources.

While most of us support a cleaner environment, efficiency is usually associated with greater output, not less output. Government regulations almost never improve efficiency; the free market does that best without government interference. That said, you can pick up one or two easy points on the CLEP exam by assuming that environmental regulation increases efficiency by protecting the "resource" of the environment for its better uses.

When companies are allowed to pollute without paying for it, their marginal cost (MC) is artificially lower than it should be. These companies are avoiding the cost of their own pollution. A lower MC means they will produce more goods than if their MC were higher. The term “marginal social cost” is used by economists to represent the true cost of their activities, including the cost of their pollution. Because companies produce more than they would if they had to pay for the cost of their pollution, some consider this to be inefficient. On the CLEP exam, it takes regulation to make it efficient by preventing the companies from putting out the pollution.

Outside the topic of government regulation, there are no biased answers. Do not choose one answer instead of another for reasons of bias except in one or two rare cases.

In areas unrelated to pollution, government establishes price floors, supports and ceilings. Do we all recall the differences? Price “ceilings” (or controls) are the easiest: the government says that the good cannot be sold for a higher price. Just as you cannot reach above your ceiling, the price is prohibited from rising above the ceiling that the government sets for it. It would be requiring gas to be sold for no more than $1.50, for example. The quantity supplied will decrease (move down the supply curve), while the quantity demanded will increase (move up the demand curve). Shortages result.

What is a price floor? Just the opposite of a ceiling. We cannot reach below the floor, and a price floor prevents the price from falling below a certain level. It would be a government law that prohibited milk from selling for less than $2 a gallon, for example. It would be intended to help the suppliers, such as dairy farmers. What happens when government imposes a price floor? There is a surplus of the good, as supply exceeds demand.

Now, how about a price support? That occurs when the government buys large quantities of good, such food, at prices higher than the competitive equilibrium. The government does this to “support” a higher price, instead of passing a law to require a higher price. A price support is designed to help the firms producing the goods, such as farmers. The rationale is that farmers are politically important and that pure competition is too brutal on their business and their lives, and also that foreign countries engage in the same practices. The effect of a “price support” is similar to a price floor: it creates a surplus of the good when the support is above the equilibrium price

When government regulates labor, the analysis is similar to its regulation of price. A “price floor” is created by the minimum wage: the buyer (an employer) must pay at least a certain amount for a service (labor). The minimum wage creates an oversupply of the service: too many workers. Not all of them will be able to obtain jobs at a wage higher than equilibrium. Unemployment results from a minimum wage that is higher than the equilibrium wage.

As always, be sure you fully understand the question before you answer it, and use common sense and logic. In fact, many of the questions can be answered correctly with basic reasoning skills.

Let's put our knowledge from this course to good use in studying for our final exam, and preparing for the CLEP exam. We maximize our utility by scoring as high as possible on these exams. To do so, we need to maximize our marginal utility in allocating our time towards the exam topics listed above. If we spend all our studying time on "price discrimination," which is only 1% of the exam, then we are not maximizing our marginal utility and will not reach our full potential.

This is similar to our homework problem earlier in the course about maximizing our marginal utility with respect to hiking and reading. This time, however, the decision each student must make is which topic to focus on first in the above list, and how much time to spend on it before moving on to another topic in the list. The answer may be different for each student.

This same challenge in optimizing strategy could be expressed as a problem of "allocative efficency": allocating resources (time and information) in the most efficient way. Just as efficiency is essential to successful businesses, efficiency is also important to becoming a successful student. Spending your time efficiently in preparing for the final exam, and preparing for the CLEP, is crucial to your ability to do well on them. Look at the above list of topics and how often they appear, and ask yourself: where should you focus first in order to pick up the most points in the shortest amount of time?

Should you simply start reviewing at the top of the list and work your way down to the bottom? That strategy has the advantage of focusing on the most important topics first. If you run out of time in reviewing, then you will miss only the less important topics. But you might improve further on that strategy by moving more quickly through topics that you already understand well. Alternative, there may be topics that you find too difficult to understand, and you might give up some points there in order to focus better on topics where you can pick up more points.

For the rest of this class this lecture will focus on topics which might provide the greatest marginal increase in your exam scores. This takes into consideration the topics we have already reviewed (you have the materials for those), and avoids duplication of that review. You, however, may decide for yourself that you can benefit most from reviewing those prior topics.

Your instructor emphasizes studying strategy for a reason. The biggest reason why some students do not succeed is a lack of effort. But the second biggest reason is poor studying and test-taking strategies, like a football team that runs ill-advised plays. Education, like business and perhaps even life itself, rewards good strategies and punishes misguided ones.

For many students, the most additional points can be obtained by reviewing the "Inputs to a Firm" category. It will be on 10% of the questions on the final exam and the CLEP exam. That's a significant chunk of these exams. Without review, these questions look hard and are easy to miss. But with some extra preparation, you should be able to answer nearly all of them correctly. In maximizing your score and making the best use of your time, this category may result in the biggest increase in correct answers with the least amount of effort. That's what maximizing marginal utility is all about.

Accordingly, in economic terms, the greatest marginal utility from studying for the exam is probably obtaining by focusing on this topic first. We've already covered the other two topics comprising 10% apiece of the exam (cost measures and government regulation), so there may not be many more points to pick up there. Realize that you will probably get some exam questions right without additional studying, and other questions you may get wrong no matter how much you study. But in this category of "inputs to a firm," you can pick up some points that you would otherwise miss. Let's review it now.

Questions about inputs to a firm focus on what a firm will do with its inputs (usually labor, but sometimes capital) in order to maximize its profits. The questions usually concern the following:

impact of improvement in technology on the production by a firm adjusting inputs to minimize the overall cost at a constant level of output the effect of minimum wage on the competition for labor comparing the cost of an input (usually labor) relative to the additional revenue that results why a firm's "demand for labor" is called a "derived demand" what causes an increase in demand for labor the relation between hiring additional workers and the marginal cost calculating overall costs (total cost and average variable cost) based on wages

Review the above list now. How many of the above 8 topics do you know well enough to answer a question about them correctly? Let's briefly review each of these concepts so you can maximize your score on this big part of the exam.

1. "the impact of an improvement in technology on the production by a firm"

If technology improves, as in helpful new inventions or advances in communication (like the internet), then this helps shift the Production Possibilities Frontier (Curve) outward. A firm can produce more output now. So an improvement in technology enables a firm to increase its output or its supply to the market.

2. "adjusting inputs to minimize the overall cost at a constant level of output"

How does a firm adjust its inputs (e.g., workers or equipment) so that it has reached the lowest possible overall cost? By making sure that he is getting the most "bang for his buck" for each input. In other words, the firm makes sure that each input is producing the most marginal product per dollar spent on that input. If one worker is producing more than another worker, and both are being paid the same, then the owner has not lowered his costs to a minimum. He could fire the lazy worker and hire a part-time worker like his good one, and then produce the same output at less cost. Summarizing the above, the firm minimizes its overall costs by making sure the marginal product per cost for each input is equal. If one input (e.g., one worker) is producing more marginal product per cost than another, then the overall costs are not minimized. The unproductive worker is wasting the firm's money.

3. "the effect of the minimum wage on the competition for labor"

Increasing the minimum wage has the effect of increasing unemployment. Workers who have jobs make more money when the minimum wage is increased, but firms can afford to hire fewer people. The number of the unemployed (the people who cannot get jobs) increases when the minimum wage is increased. Also, although this will never be asked on a CLEP exam, raising the minimum wage causes more high school students to drop out and pursue jobs rather than stay in school, which would enable them to obtain higher-paying jobs in the future. Sometimes the CLEP exam will twist the question about minimum wage to obscure its harmful effect, by asking what happens when the labor supply increases when there already is a minimum wage. This makes it look like the fault is an increase in the labor supply rather than the minimum wage law. The correct answer is the same in both cases: unemployment increases.

4. "comparing the cost of an input (usually labor) relative to the additional revenue that results"

This type of question probes how a firm increases its inputs in relation to the additional revenue that results from such an increase. The key here is to be very careful and very logical. A firm will increase an input (such as labor) until the value of the marginal product of that input equals the marginal cost of that input. Read that sentence over and over until you understand it. It simply means that the firm will equate the marginal cost of the additional input (such as an additional worker) to the marginal revenue that the additional input produces. Often students miss this type of question because they are not careful to compare dollars to dollars. If you have the marginal cost in terms of dollars (such as a wage rage for the additional worker), then you need to equate it to the marginal value of the marginal product of the labor (value is in dollar units), not the marginal product itself (which is a unit quantity).

5. "why a firm's "demand for labor" is called a "derived demand"

This is an easy point to pick up on an exam. A firm's demand for an input (such as labor) is called a "derived demand" because it depends on the demand for the goods produced by that input. For example, a restaurant's demand for waitresses is entirely dependent on the public's demand to be served at the restaurant. If there is no public demand to be waited on at the restaurant, then the restaurant (the firm) has no demand for waitresses!

6. "what causes an increase in demand for labor"

This is another easy issue, similar to the prior one above. If the public demand for the product of the labor increases, then there is an increase in demand for the labor itself. If more people want to eat McDonald's hamburgers, then there is more demand for workers to make McDonald's hamburgers. How do we know when the demand by the public for the product of certain labor increases? When the price of the good or service produced by the labor increases. When that price goes up, then there is an increase in demand for the workers who make that good or service.

7. "the relation between hiring additional workers and the marginal cost"

This is a more challenging issue that requires two steps rather than one in order to answer correctly. Marginal cost is additional cost to a firm for making one more unit. It is measured in dollars, not in units. Making sure you have the right measure (dollars or units) for your answer will help you reduce mistakes. The answer for any question about marginal cost must be in dollars (or cents) per unit. Accordingly, if you are told how many additional units are produced by each additional worker, then calculating the marginal cost requires dividing the cost of the additional worker by the additional number of units he produces. The more units an additional worker produces, the lower the marginal cost that results from adding that worker. Example: suppose a firm hires Tom and sees the output increase by 20 units, and then hires Mary at the same wage and sees the output increase by 15 units. When is the marginal cost of the firm the lowest? After it hires Tom, but before it hires Mary. That's because the marginal cost of hiring Tom is his wages divided by 20, while the marginal cost of hiring Mary is the same wage divided by 15. A wage divided by 20 is less than the same wage divided by 15, so the marginal cost to the firm after hiring Tom is less than after hiring Mary.

8. "calculating overall costs (total cost and average variable cost) based on wages"

The key here is simply to be careful in doing the calculations, and then double-check your answer. You need to be sure you are using the correct level of output before you calculate the total cost (TC) and average variable cost (AVC) at that level of output. To find the total cost, add the fixed cost (FC) to the labor cost (total wages times the number of workers), for a given level of output. Then, to find the average variable cost, find the total variable cost (TVC=TC-FC) and divide by that level of output. Example: a firm can produce 100 units with 5 workers and 200 units with 10 workers. Its fixed cost is $50 and its wage rate is $20 per worker. What is its total cost and average variable cost to produce 100 units? Answer: note first that the question asks about the costs at 100 units in output, not 200 units. Total cost at 100 units is the fixed cost ($50) plus the labor cost ($20 times 5 workers, or $100), for a total of $150. The average variable cost is the total cost ($150) minus the fixed cost ($50), divided by the output (100), for a total of $1 per unit.

Master the above eight issues, and you'll convert 10% of the exam from wrong answers to correct ones. That could enable you to earn college credit.

You instructor wonders what topic will maximize our marginal utility next. About 20% of the exam is devoted to questions about different types of markets, ranging from the most advantageous for the public (perfect competition) to the least advantageous (monopoly). That's a large chunk of questions, and with some extra review here we can probably convert wrong answers to right ones.

The key to answering these questions correctly is to realize that the more competition there is, the lower the price of the goods and services and the lower the profits for the firms. Some of these questions are special cases and should simply be memorized: a cartel is an oligopoly that illegally agrees to fix (set) its prices, and an oligopoly is an industry where just a few firms dominate the market. When given a grid about where an oligopoly ends up selling its goods (its Nash Equilibrium), the answer is always symmetric (all firms sell at the same price) and usually not the highest price that a monopoly could sell at.

The monopoly questions look harder than they really are. The monopolist sets his price higher than marginal cost, which would be the optimal price from the standpoint of the public (or government). Instead, the monopolist price sets his price where marginal revenue equals marginal cost (MR=MC). If shown a graph, you may have to find the quantity where MR=MC, and then find the corresponding price on the demand curve. Note that a monopolist has no supply curve, because a supply curve represents many firms in an industry and a monopolist is the only firm in the industry.

There can be general questions about these markets. A perfectly competitive market uses resources in a perfectly efficient way. At the other end of the spectrum, a monopoly uses resources the least efficiently of all. Its high pricing causes a huge social loss ("deadweight loss") by eliminating consumer surplus. The monopoly reduces output in order to cause a scarcity that increases the price to an artificially high level. This is bad for everyone, except the owner of the monopoly, who enriches himself. This is how Bill Gates became the wealthiest person in the world.

Here is a puzzle to leave you with. What is the impact on quantity of a price ceiling in a competitive industry compared to a price ceiling in a monopoly? In which one (competitive v. monopoly) might a clever price ceiling actually increase quantity? Think about it, and learn to ask yourself questions like this in order to master economics. The answer is in this footnote.[2]

Be sure to spend time on the review sections in the prior lectures for more information about this and other topics on the exams.

A public good is a good which is nonexcludable and nondepletable. The first condition means that it is impossible to exclude consumers from partaking in the good, and the second condition means that one consumer's consumption of the good does not prevent others from consuming it.

Explained another way, a public good is available to all such that consumption by one person does not reduce its availability to others. An example of a public good is national defense, as it protects everyone and its benefits to one person does not diminish its benefits to others.

Other examples of public goods are law enforcement (protection by the police), public fireworks, clear air, street lights, radio and television transmissions, lighthouses, and some inventions. Some of these examples, such as lighthouses, are contested as to whether they must be a public good, as it is possible to charge ships port fees to pay for them. Also, while radio and television transmissions are available to all to receive them, it does cost money to buy radios and television sets, so these are not truly public goods either.

Liberals like to emphasize the concept of public goods on exams in order to support the argument for more government. Under this view public goods represent market failure and the need for government services supported by taxes.

Good test-taking techniques are particularly important to doing well on an economics exam. Simple questions are often intentionally disguised as something more complicated. It is easy to become confused and misguided in analyzing economic issues. 99% of the public would say that we would be better off if Congress put a price ceiling or cap on gasoline at $1 a gallon. It takes a bit more thought to realize that massive shortages would result, and we would all have to waste hours each week waiting in line for gasoline. Some who really need gas in hurry, such as people trying to take someone to a hospital, may not be able to obtain gas in time.

The ability to eliminate wrong answers can help. Let’s try the elimination technique on these questions:

Question: Consider the poverty-level of income for a family of four in America. Which of the following can be said about how the government defines this specific income level?

(A) It helps determine who is eligible for Social Security benefits. (B) It decreases when there is an increase in welfare benefits. (C) It proves that 50% of Americans live in poverty. (D) It is determined by tripling the cost of a nutritionally adequate diet by three. (E) Government does not adjust this number due to changes in the cost of living (inflation).

Virtually none of you would know the answer to this question at first glance. The question is not really appropriate for a microeconomics exam, but CLEP asks it anyway. Questions about poverty, gaps between the rich and poor, and government programs are always favorites among liberal educators. You will see many more questions about these issues than about the invisible hand or the creation of wealth.

So what do we do when faced with this question? Simply give up? Move to the next question and hope it is easier? Blindly guess at an answer? None of the above.

We can narrow the choices, and thereby reduce our risk of error, by eliminating wrong answers. Basic economic principles (or common sense) serve as our guide.

Let’s start with choice (C). Think about it: is half of our nation living in poverty? What would that mean for elections? Who would pay to run government? If we called half of us "poor", then what word would be use for the really poor? Choice (C) can't be true. Using common sense, we can eliminate this answer.

Let’s turn to choice (E). Why wouldn’t it be adjusted? Poverty must be relative to the cost of living. If the cost of living doubled, then the numbers in poverty would increase greatly. But failure to adjust for the cost of living would miss that effect. Again, common sense leads us to eliminate this answer.

Next we can turn to choice (A). That doesn't work either, because everyone who pays into Social Security has a right to receive benefits when they grow old, regardless of whether they are rich or poor. “Social security” is not “security only if you’re poor.” We can eliminate this choice.

We’re left with only two possibilities: (B) and (D). Realize that has increased our odds of choosing the right answer to 50% now. If you took the CLEP and at least narrowed every difficult question down to two choices, then you would likely pass the test. How do we next make our best choice among these final two options?

Option (D) seems to have the right amount of detail, and fits the question well grammatically. In contrast, Option (B) does not fit the question as well or make as much sense (definition of what the poverty level is should not change based on distributing some benefits). Even if you had no idea between (B) and (D), (D) is a better fit. It’s our best guess. (D), indeed, is correct.

It helps to choose an answer that gives the most meaning to the purpose of the question. The purpose of this question is to ask about how poverty-level income is calculated. Answer (D) most directly furthers that goal. It makes for a good guess if you did not otherwise know. You won’t always be able to guess the right answers, but by increasing your chances you can significantly increase your overall score.

Let’s try one more CLEP-inspired question, this time relating to labor:

Question: Assume a perfectly competitive market for both inputs and output. If capital is fixed and the price for the output increases, then a firm in the short run will increase its production by which of the following ways:

(A) increase capital until P=MR (B) increase labor until the value of the marginal product for workers equals the wage rate (C) increase capital until its average product equals the price of the additional capital (D) increase labor until its marginal product equals the wage rate (E) increase labor until the ratio of the price of the output to labor's marginal product equals the wage rate

This type of question benefits from being reread. “Capital is fixed,” according to the question. So capital cannot be increased. Answers (A) and (C) can be eliminated that easily. Sounds too obvious, but many students miss this. They fail to read and understand the question.

Only labor can be increased, which is possible under answers (B), (D) and (E). We've improved our odds of success to a 33% chance. Those are good odds on a difficult question like this. But we can improve our chances even more.

(B) and (D) look similar so let’s turn to (E) first. The “marginal product of labor” is the additional units (“product”) produced due to an additional unit of labor. Remember “MP”? The term does not include “revenue” or “price”, so it only gives you the quantity. We need to multiply that quantity by product price to obtain revenue, what the firm owner cares the most about. Choice (E) makes no sense by dividing terms that should be multiplied together. We can eliminate it.

Back to (B) and (D). The only difference between the two is the term “value of” in (B). Think about what “marginal product” is. It is a quantity, not a dollar amount. Yet we are comparing it to “wage rate,” which would be in dollars. We need to insert “value of” to convert a quantity into equivalent dollars. (B) is must be the correct choice because it compares dollars to dollars, while choice (D) does not.

The key to good test-taking, particularly on economics exams, is to make sure you fully understand each question before trying to answer it.

You have all learned a great deal of material in this course, information that will help you the rest of your lives. The insights and powerful concepts covered by this course can yield greater and greater benefits the more you think about them. Every week I see still something new and helpful in concepts taught in this course. Many students say that this is the best course they took from me, among other helpful courses. Use this course for your benefit.

If there is one unifying theme to this course, then I suggest it is summarized in Jesus's Parable of the Talents. Be productive, and God can multiply the benefits of your work. If you reach out, if you do more, if you make good use of your time, if you maximize your efficiency, if you consider the opportunity costs, and if you increase your output, then you give God more to work with. But if you bury your talents in the ground or if you are like the tree that does not bear fruit, then you give God less for His purpose.

Carpe diem. And be the good that drives out the bad as we discussed in connection with Gresham's Law.

Read this lecture and study for the final exam, which will be the first week in June. It will be 30 multiple-choice questions, similar in format to the quizzes.

? "Austrian economics" is an approach to economics that emphasizes the free markets, minimizing governmental interference, respecting private property rights, and promoting gold as a monetary standard. Beware, however, that Austrian economics organizations are often more libertarian than conservative on social issues, and Austrian economics itself has been slow in incorporating new economic insights such as the Coase theorem.? A price ceiling is a maximum price limitation, just as a real ceiling limits the height. A perfectly competitive industry is already selling at its maximum output, so a price ceiling can't help there. But a monopoly increases its price by reducing its output. If a price ceiling is imposed against a monopoly, then it must reduce its price and increase its output, for the benefit of the public.

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De-Stressing at Work With Arianna

 Highlight transcript below to create clipTranscript:  Print  |  Email Go  Click text to jump within videoTue 19 Mar 13 | 07:31 AM ET Arianna Huffington, The Huffington Post editor-in-chief, discusses the importance of corporate wellness and how relaxation techniques can help workers reduce stress.

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National Security Brief: Top Senate Democrat Wants Greater U.S. Role In Syria


Senate Armed Services Committee chairman Carl Levin (D-MI) said on Monday that the United States should play a more active role in bringing about Syrian President Bashar al-Assad’s downfall. “I would go further than the President,” Levin said, adding that President Obama should consider establishing so-called “safe zones” for Syrian rebels within the country. Levin also said the U.S. should consider taking out the Syrian military’s anti-aircraft batteries and other Syrian Air Force assets.

Meanwhile, House Foreign Relations Committee Ranking Member Rep. Eliot Engel (D-NY) introduced legislation on Monday giving Obama that authority to provide “lethal equipment” to Syrian rebels fighting Assad’s forces. In a statement, Engel said the U.S. is “long past due to arm friendly rebels and turn the tide to allow for a more hopeful Syrian future.”

While U.S. officials mull whether and how much to intervene in Syria, the Syrian opposition coalition elected a Syrian born U.S. citizen to be the first prime minister of an interim government there should Assad fall. The group chose Ghassan Hitto, an information technology executive who lived in Texas until recently.

In other news:

Former Pentagon top counsel Jeh Johnson criticized the idea of any secret court to oversee the Obama administration’s targeted killing program, saying it would simply act as a “rubber stamp” for anything the executive wants to do. Johnson said that instead, the program should be brought within the auspices of the Defense Department in order to ensure its legality.
The AP reports: A hunger strike at the Guantánamo Bay prison has grown and now involves at least 21 men, a U.S. military official said Monday while denying reports trickling out from prisoners through lawyers that there is a more widespread protest and lives are in danger.
The Washington Post reports: Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel has ordered the Pentagon to reconsider a sweeping military strategy that the Obama administration unveiled just last year to determine whether it is still affordable in light of recent budget cuts.

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Henry David Thoreau

(Difference between revisions)Thoreau is sometimes mistakenly thought of as a sort of hermit or vagabond, but in fact he was completely serious about carrying on the family business, a factory producing pencils. He made significant improvements in their manufacture and engineered a machine for grinding "plumbago" ([[graphite]]) more finely to produce a higher-quality "lead". Thoreau pencils were regarded as being among the best-manufactured in the U.S.Petroski, Henry (1989), "H. D. Thoreau, Engineer." ''American Heritage of Invention and Technology,'' volume 5, issue 2[http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/it/1989/2]Thoreau is sometimes mistakenly thought of as a sort of hermit or vagabond, but in fact he was completely serious about carrying on the family business, a factory producing pencils. He made significant improvements in their manufacture and engineered a machine for grinding "plumbago" ([[graphite]]) more finely to produce a higher-quality "lead". Thoreau pencils were regarded as being among the best-manufactured in the U.S.Petroski, Henry (1989), "H. D. Thoreau, Engineer." ''American Heritage of Invention and Technology,'' volume 5, issue 2[http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/it/1989/2]"I learned this at least by my experiment: that if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours."When asked, on his deathbed, whether he had made his peace with God, Thoreau responded, "I did not know we had ever quarreled."When asked, on his deathbed, whether he had made his peace with God, Thoreau responded, "I did not know we had ever quarreled."{{cquote|"looking through the stars to see if I could see God behind them."  {{cquote|"looking through the stars to see if I could see God behind them."  From ''A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers ''From ''A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers ''Ytde75647e6u.jpg

Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) was an American writer and philosopher, and along with Ralph Waldo Emerson, a major figure in the Transcendentalist movement. He is perhaps best known for his book Walden (1854), an account of a two-year period during which he lived in relative solitude near the shores of Walden Pond in Massachusetts, and for Civil Disobedience (1849), an essay which depicts his arrest for refusing to pay a poll tax in 1845 that would support the Mexican-American War and slavery. In A Plea for John Brown (1859) he defended the Harper's Ferry Raid.

His work Civil Disobedience would served as inspiration for Gandhi, Tolstoy and modern civil rights leaders in using non-violent means of protest to further a cause.[1]

Thoreau is sometimes mistakenly thought of as a sort of hermit or vagabond, but in fact he was completely serious about carrying on the family business, a factory producing pencils. He made significant improvements in their manufacture and engineered a machine for grinding "plumbago" (graphite) more finely to produce a higher-quality "lead". Thoreau pencils were regarded as being among the best-manufactured in the U.S.[2]

"I learned this at least by my experiment: that if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours."

When asked, on his deathbed, whether he had made his peace with God, Thoreau responded, "I did not know we had ever quarreled."

"looking through the stars to see if I could see God behind them."

From A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers

As yesterday and the historical ages are past, as the work of to-day is present, so some flitting perspectives, and demi-experiences of the life that is in nature are in time veritably future, or rather outside to time, perennial, young, divine, in the wind and rain which never die. [2]

From Walden, Chapter XVIII:

TO THE sick the doctors wisely recommend a change of air and scenery. Thank Heaven, here is not all the world. The buck-eye does not grow in New England, and the mocking-bird is rarely heard here. The wild goose is more of a cosmopolite than we; he breaks his fast in Canada, takes a luncheon in the Ohio, and plumes himself for the night in a southern bayou. Even the bison, to some extent, keeps pace with the seasons cropping the pastures of the Colorado only till a greener and sweeter grass awaits him by the Yellowstone. Yet we think that if rail fences are pulled down, and stone-walls piled up on our farms, bounds are henceforth set to our lives and our fates decided. If you are chosen town-clerk, forsooth, you cannot go to Tierra del Fuego this summer: but you may go to the land of infernal fire nevertheless. The universe is wider than our views of it. [3]

From Resistance to Civil Government, or Civil Disobedience

I heartily accept the motto,—“That government is best which governs least”; and I should like to see it acted up to more rapidly and systematically. Carried out, it finally amounts to this, which also I believe—“That government is best which governs not at all”; and when men are prepared for it, that will be the kind of government which the will have. Government is at best but an expedient; but most governments are usually, and all governments are sometimes, inexpedient. The objections which have been brought against a standing army, and they are many and weighty, and deserve to prevail, may also at last be brought against a standing government. The standing army is only an arm of the standing government. The government itself, which is only the mode which the people have chosen to execute their will, is equally liable to be abused and perverted before the people can act through it. Witness the present Mexican war, the work of comparatively a few individuals using the standing government as their tool; for in the outset, the people would not have consented to this measure. [4]
? The New American Desk Encyclopedia, Penguin Group, 1989? Petroski, Henry (1989), "H. D. Thoreau, Engineer." American Heritage of Invention and Technology, volume 5, issue 2[1]

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NYPD Spying On Muslims Bred Political And Religious Suppression, Report Finds

A sign in the Muslim Student Association room at Hunter College. The sign points to a news report on NYPD spying.

Systematic and widespread monitoring of Muslims’ everyday life by undercover informants, brought to light by an Associated Press investigative series last year, has had a severe chilling effect on speech, religious activity and community life, according to a new report by several civil rights organizations. Muslims fear speaking out even about the New York Police Department surveillance itself, and even youths described the fear of being arrested as “very real,” deterring them from activity that ranges from community involvement and speaking in class, to posting expressive messages on Facebook. “[W]hen your speech is limited, you can’t really do much: you can’t write on the internet, you can’t talk on the phone because they’re tapped, you can’t speak in public,” said one 22-year-old Sunday School teacher.

In interviews with 57 students, business owners, community leaders and educators, many recount having been asked to spy on their peers. One student recalled having been called into the principal’s office at age 16 and asked by the NYPD about her online activity. Several individuals described being questioned as suspects, and then later offered bribes to serve as informants when police realized they were not suspicious – told in moments of financial weakness that the police could “give them their freedom” by paying them for spying or providing them with a place to live. “These incidents – not infrequent in certain communities – have led many to realize that others, possibly their own peers, may not be as able to resist the pressures of working as informants,” the report said. This has bred mistrust both within the Muslim community and of law enforcement officers, prompting individuals and even businesses to accuse one another of being informants.

One of the most widespread and alarming elements of this NYPD surveillance was the recruitment of young people to infiltrate college groups. AP reports revealed that informants even accompanied students on a whitewater rafting trip, leading to fear that informants could be anyone and infiltrate anywhere. The report explains the impact on college campuses:

For college students, typically aged between 17 and 22, the prospect of dealing with surveillance by a police department, infiltration of events and extracurricular activities by informants, and the potentially devastating academic, professional, and personal repercussions can be overwhelming. … We found that the NYPD’s surveillance of students chilled First Amendment activity in what is perhaps the single most important formative and expressive space for any American youth: the college campus. […]

[W]ith a general understanding that dealing with “politics” is controversial, Muslim students find themselves steering away from those majors, classes, or extracurricular activities. Two students, both active members of their MSAs, reported switching their majors from political science to more conventional majors after becoming concerned about law enforcement scrutiny of “political” young Muslim males. […]

The isolationism that comes with being a member of a “spied on” community means that Muslim students are getting a fundamentally different, and less rewarding college experience compared to their non-Muslim peers.

As the report explains, these impacts suggest both First Amendment (free speech and religious suppression) and Fourteenth Amendment (discriminatory practices) implications, in a program that that may have broken the law and yielded no leads or cases.


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5 Serious Consequences Awaiting North Dakota If Republicans Ban All Abortions Under ‘Personhood’

Last week, the North Dakota legislature passed the most stringent abortion ban in the nation, cutting off access to reproductive services after just six weeks of pregnancy — before some women even know they’re pregnant. But Republicans in the state aren’t stopping there. The legislature is also considering even more stringent “personhood” measures, which would endow fertilized eggs with the full rights of U.S. citizens and outlaw absolutely all abortion services.

Two personhood bills — Senate Bill 2303 and Senate Concurrent Resolution 4009 — have already passed the Senate, and the GOP-controlled House is expected to take them up sometime this week. But if North Dakota successfully enacts a total abortion ban, there will be serious consequences for the state that extend even beyond women’s reproductive freedom. Here are five ways the state will suffer under personhood:

1. There will be fewer doctors in the state available to provide medical care. In a historic move for the North Dakota Medical Association, the nonpartisan organization has come out against personhood. The group points out that the anti-abortion measures go too far to “interfere with the physician practice,” and they suspect it will be harder to find qualified medical professionals willing to practice in North Dakota if the state imposes so many complicated restrictions on doctors. Some doctors have already testified before state lawmakers to say they will leave North Dakota if the abortion bans pass.

2. Maternal health care will be compromised. Doctors could be charged with criminal negligence if anything happens to an embryo — which could prevent them from making quick decisions that could help save women’s lives. The tragic case of Savita Halappanavar, a woman who died after being denied an abortion in a Catholic hospital because her doctors were reluctant to provide care that could get them in trouble with the law, highlights the serious consequences of state lawmakers coming between a woman and her doctor.

3. Women could be forced to resort to illegal abortion procedures. Under a personhood law, women will end up resorting to dangerous “backroom” abortions, one former pediatrician warned North Dakota lawmakers last week. That Fargo-area doctor did his medical training before Roe v. Wade, when women were dying of bacterial infections after botched abortion procedures — and he warns that the passage of the proposed personhood measures would pull North Dakota back into “the stone age of medicine.” There’s evidence to back up that claim. According to the Guttmacher Institute, the legality of abortion has absolutely no correlation to abortion rates around the world, because women will continue to seek to terminate pregnancies regardless of the law.

4. Women won’t be able to use in vitro fertilization to try to have a family. Ironically, in addition to compromising medical procedures for the women seeking to terminate a pregnancy, personhood measures also place restrictions on the women who are trying to get pregnant. “These bills will stop the practice of in vitro fertilization in this state,” Dr. Stephanie Dahl, an obstetrician-gynecologist and reproductive medicine specialist in Fargo, explained to lawmakers. Doctors wouldn’t be able to perform any procedure that carries the risk of damaging some embryos, so women would be forced to travel to South Dakota or Minnesota for in vitro treatment, a six-week process that requires multiple sonograms and up to 12 visits to the doctor.

5. The state will become embroiled in expensive lawsuits. North Dakota’s six-week abortion ban already runs afoul of Roe v. Wade, and will certainly invite several costly legal challenges. A total abortion ban would lead to similar consequences. Two personhood bills were recently struck down in Oklahoma, suggesting that the courts won’t take kindly to North Dakota’s push to restrict women’s constitutional rights, either. Nevertheless, even the self-proclaimed “fiscally conservative” Republicans in the state are willing to defend their abortion bans on the state’s dime.

So far this session, Republican majorities in both chambers of the state legislature have successfully advanced a radical anti-abortion agenda in North Dakota — and that’s on top of the existing abortion restrictions. Women already have to undergo a mandatory 24-hour waiting period before having an abortion, and there’s just one last abortion clinic left in the entire state.


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Hollywood values

(Difference between revisions)* [[Jim Bakker]], [[televangelist]] for the [[PTL]] Club, was convicted of accounting fraud in 1989, stemming from the [[televangelism]] scandals of the later 1980s. He was sentenced to 45 years in prison and a $500,000 fine, but this sentence was commuted to eight years and the fine was voided.* [[Jim Bakker]], [[televangelist]] for the [[PTL]] Club, was convicted of accounting fraud in 1989, stemming from the [[televangelism]] scandals of the later 1980s. He was sentenced to 45 years in prison and a $500,000 fine, but this sentence was commuted to eight years and the fine was voided.* [[Jimmy Swaggart]], also a televagelist and involved in the late 1980s televangelism scandals, was caught in 1991 with yet another prostitute while in Indio California and when asked about, he said "The Lord said it's flat none of your business".  * [[Jimmy Swaggart]], also a televagelist and involved in the late 1980s televangelism scandals, was caught in 1991 with yet another prostitute while in Indio California and when asked about, he said "The Lord said it's flat none of your business".  *[[Lana Turner]] was involved with [[Mafia]] enforcer [[John Stompanato]], who tried murdering her in 1958, but was himself killed by Lana's daughter, Cheryl, then 14 in an incident that would be ruled justifiable.*[[Lana Turner]] was involved with [[Mafia]] enforcer [[John Stompanato]], who tried murdering her in 1958, but was himself killed by Lana's daughter, Cheryl, then 14, in an incident that would be ruled justifiable.*[[Hugh Grant]] was arrested in 1995 in Los Angeles when he found in a car with a known prostitute.[http://www.mugshots.org/hollywood/hugh-grant.html]*[[Hugh Grant]] was arrested in 1995 in Los Angeles when he found in a car with a known prostitute.[http://www.mugshots.org/hollywood/hugh-grant.html]*[[Stacy Keach]], movie actor, was sentenced to 9 months imprisonment in the [[United Kingdom]] in 1984 after being arrested at [[London]] [[Heathrow Airport]] in possession of a large quantity of [[cocaine]].*[[Stacy Keach]], movie actor, was sentenced to 9 months imprisonment in the [[United Kingdom]] in 1984 after being arrested at [[London]] [[Heathrow Airport]] in possession of a large quantity of [[cocaine]].*[[Humphrey Bogart]], His first three marriages ended in divorce and his fourth (to [[Lauren Bacall]]) was the only one ending in death-his from throat cancer in 1957, age 51.*[[Humphrey Bogart]], His first three marriages ended in divorce and his fourth (to [[Lauren Bacall]]) was the only one ending in death-his from throat cancer in 1957, age 51.*[[Joan Crawford]] (real name Lucille Fay LeSueur), last of Hollywood's "movie queens" with roles spanning 45 years (1925-1970, most of her popularity in the 1930s) and long since a [[homosexual]] [[idol]], was married and divorced three times and named as the other woman in at least one affair with a married man. Her fourth and last marriage to Pepsi Company's president Alfred Steele was the only one ending in death (his in 1959). When Joan died in 1977, her public disinheriting of her two oldest remaining adopted children from her $2M estate "for reasons that should be well known to them" was said to have caused her oldest daughter, Christina, to write her best-selling book ''[[Mommie Dearest]]'' (1978, adapted into film in 1981), which alleged a lifetime of [[extramarital affairs]], [[alcoholism]] and selfishness-induced [[child abuse]] at a time when child abuse was rarely talked about in public. Unfortunately, like her adoptive mother, Christina also got married and divorced three times in her own lifetime.*[[Joan Crawford]] (real name Lucille Fay LeSueur), last of Hollywood's "movie queens" with roles spanning 45 years (1925-1970, most of her popularity in the 1930s) and long since a [[homosexual]] [[idol]], was married and divorced three times and named as the other woman in at least one affair with a married man. Her fourth and last marriage to Pepsi Company's president Alfred Steele was the only one ending in death (his in 1959). When Joan died in 1977, her public disinheriting of her two oldest remaining adopted children from her $2M estate "for reasons that should be well known to them" was said to have caused her oldest daughter, Christina, to write her best-selling book ''[[Mommie Dearest]]'' (1978, adapted into film in 1981), which alleged a lifetime of [[extramarital affairs]], [[alcoholism]] and selfishness-induced [[child abuse]] at a time when child abuse was rarely talked about in public. Unfortunately, like her adoptive mother, Christina also got married and divorced three times in her own lifetime.*[[Frances Farmer]], who as a [[public school]]er in 1931, denied God in a controversial award winning high school essay and in 1935, visited the [[USSR]], was also popular in the 1930s to the point of being considered "the next [[Greta Garbo]]", had three marriages at least two of whom ended in divorce, with extramarital affairs during at least one that included one with married writer Clifford Odets. She also had multiple [[abortions]] when abortion was illegal; the guilt of which caused her to avoid all contact with children. In 1968, however, while living in [[Indianapolis]] for the previous ten years (she died there in 1970 at age 56), a friend's child whispered to her that she was "good", something that nobody ever said or thought about her before. Soon afterwards, she went to St. [[Joan of Arc]] Catholic Church in West Lafayette where she went to [[confession]] of all her sins and took up classes about and was eventually baptized into the Catholic faith, turning away from her former lifestyle.*[[Frances Farmer]], who as a [[public school]]er in 1931, denied God in a controversial award winning high school essay and in 1935, visited the [[USSR]], was also popular in the 1930s to the point of being considered "the next [[Greta Garbo]]", had three marriages at least two of whom ended in divorce, with extramarital affairs during at least one that included one with married writer Clifford Odets. She also had multiple [[abortions]] when abortion was illegal; the guilt of which caused her to avoid all contact with children. In 1958, however, when she moved to [[Indianapolis]] (she died there in 1970 at age 56), a friend's child whispered to her that she was "good", something that nobody ever said or thought about her before. Soon afterwards, she went to St. [[Joan of Arc]] Catholic Church, where she went to [[confession]] of all her sins and took up classes about and was eventually baptized into the Catholic faith in 1959, turning away from her former lifestyle.*[[Judy Garland]], best known as "Dorothy Gale" in ''[[The Wizard Of Oz]]'' had five marriages, the first four ended in divorce, the last ended only three months later in her death in [[London]] from a barbituate O.D. in 1969 at age 46.*[[Judy Garland]], best known as "Dorothy Gale" in ''[[The Wizard Of Oz]]'' had five marriages, the first four ended in divorce, the last ended only three months later in her death in [[London]] from a barbituate O.D. in 1969 at age 46.*[[Florence Henderson]], despite her wholesome ''Carol Brady'' image on ''[[The Brady Bunch]]'', fell victim to these values ([[adultery]]) during her first marriage to Ira Bernstein in the late 1960s and early 1970s in an affair with [[New York City]]'s then-mayor John Lindsay, who she claims gave her crab lice. She divorced Berstein in 1985 and married John Kappas in 1987, which lasted until his death in 2002.*[[Florence Henderson]], despite her wholesome ''Carol Brady'' image on ''[[The Brady Bunch]]'', fell victim to these values ([[adultery]]) during her first marriage to Ira Bernstein in the late 1960s and early 1970s in an affair with [[New York City]]'s then-mayor John Lindsay, who she claims gave her crab lice. She divorced Berstein in 1985 and married John Kappas in 1987, which lasted until his death in 2002.*Rapper [[Kanye West]] and his bodyguard attacked the paparazzi at [[LAX]] airport and allegedly smashed a $10,000 camera on the floor. The pair were arrested for felony vandalism. [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,420869,00.html Kanye West Arrested in Altercation With Paparazzi] Ap, September 11, 2008*Rapper [[Kanye West]] and his bodyguard attacked the paparazzi at [[LAX]] airport and allegedly smashed a $10,000 camera on the floor. The pair were arrested for felony vandalism. [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,420869,00.html Kanye West Arrested in Altercation With Paparazzi] Ap, September 11, 2008*[[Heather Locklear]] was arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence of a controlled substance. The officer noticed Locklear's car parked on a state highway and blocking a lane in Montecito, Ca. [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,429388,00.html Heather Locklear Arrested on Suspicion of DUI] AP, September 29, 2008*[[Heather Locklear]] was arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence of a controlled substance. The officer noticed Locklear's car parked on a state highway and blocking a lane in Montecito, Ca. [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,429388,00.html Heather Locklear Arrested on Suspicion of DUI] AP, September 29, 2008*[[Ozzy Osbourne]] is long known for having bitten off bats' and doves' heads, urinating on the [[Alamo]] and deficating in hotels' elevators and flower pots.*Celebrity of the moment [[Kourtney Kardashian]] gave a risque lingerie shoot while pregnant with her boyfriend's child. After birth, Mom and baby adorned magazine covers, highlighting the modern acceptance of single motherhood. The cover reads ''"Baby Mason will bring our family together,"'' obscuring the traditional meaning of family. [http://www.foxnews.com/slideshow/entertainment/2009/10/16/kardashian-sisters?slide=2 The Kardashian Family, Fox News]*Celebrity of the moment [[Kourtney Kardashian]] gave a risque lingerie shoot while pregnant with her boyfriend's child. After birth, Mom and baby adorned magazine covers, highlighting the modern acceptance of single motherhood. The cover reads ''"Baby Mason will bring our family together,"'' obscuring the traditional meaning of family. [http://www.foxnews.com/slideshow/entertainment/2009/10/16/kardashian-sisters?slide=2 The Kardashian Family, Fox News]*Actor [[Jude Law]] had a sexual relationship with model Samantha Burke that produced a daughter. It is reported that Law finally went to visit his daughter for the first time, 5 months after she was born. [http://www.celebrity-gossip.net/celebrities/hollywood/jude-law-makes-first-visit-to-love-child-216056/ Jude Law Makes First Visit To Love Child, CelebrityGossip.net, March 1, 2010]*Actor [[Jude Law]] had a sexual relationship with model Samantha Burke that produced a daughter. It is reported that Law finally went to visit his daughter for the first time, 5 months after she was born. [http://www.celebrity-gossip.net/celebrities/hollywood/jude-law-makes-first-visit-to-love-child-216056/ Jude Law Makes First Visit To Love Child, CelebrityGossip.net, March 1, 2010]Hollywood-sign wikimedia.jpg

Hollywood values are characterized by decadence, narcissism, rampant drug use, extramarital sex leading to the spread of sexually-transmitted disease, abortion, lawlessness and the promotion of the homosexual agenda. Such values have a very negative influence on the life of individuals, and very often lead to death. A 2006 poll by MSNBC said that 60% of Americans agree that "Hollywood's values are not in line with the rest of America and that the quality of movies has diminished in recent years."[1]

The lack of morals and difference of values in Hollywood culture has been destroying the fabric of American culture, particularly the family.

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There have been, however, a handful of prominent people whose work in Hollywood opposed these values. Charlton Heston, Jim Caviezel, Ricardo Montalban, Ronald Reagan, James Stewart, Pat Boone, Paul Schofield, Lisa Whelchel ("The Facts of Life" sitcom's 'Blair' who refused a role where she would be the first of Eastland's girls to become a non-virgin), Walt Disney and many others practiced conservative values while working in Hollywood and the productions of these and many others also reflect these values, irrespective of the names associated with them: The Chronicles of Narnia and Independence Day (a 1996 movie about the U.S. being attacked on Independence Day) being recent examples.

Although the social elite of Hollywood may have held different values that Main Street America, the disparity was hidden from the public. First, many film studios and actors hired publicity agents to control what life-style facts became known to the public. Certain personal indiscretions were considered "off-limits" to journalists and not generally reported, such as Marilyn Monroe's connection to various organized crime and political figures.

Second, both the film studios and the television networks had codes of acceptable content. Actors who were living by Hollywood values were creating films and television programs that carefully avoid sexually explicit themes or foul language. For example, the code required that if a married couple were to be shown in a bedroom scene, they would have twin beds and would be wearing pajamas.

Third, after the United States Supreme Court ruled that the First Amendment protected certain forms of literature and motion pictures that were previously considered pornographic, (Miller v. California in 1973), the case law developed that applied local community standards when deciding whether a particular work was to be protected. This had the effect of decoupling national values from Hollywood values and started a race to the lowest common denominator.

Finally, over time, the media has shifted from being concentrated to being dispersed. The three major television networks shifted to thousands of cable channels, and the adoption of the Internet by the general public made controlling the spread of news and the fabrication of false public images by movie studios impossible. As a result, tabloid journalism and reality television spread the full impact of the Hollywood lifestyle throughout American culture.

Hollywood values include a flagrant disrespect and disregard for:

In addition, Hollywood portrays these values as rebellious and countercultural. They portray religious and spiritual institutions as greedy, self-serving, sexually perverted, prejudiced, ignorant, and unscientific. When comparing the satisfaction brought about by faith, spirituality, family, and friendship, which may happen to include donations to a church or other organization, it is clear that the profits of Hollywood and the industries which rely upon Hollywood for profit are the true establishment - thus making traditional values truly rebellious and countercultural, and Hollywood values a lie.

Hollywood values are deadly. Tourists in Hollywood can visit over 30 sites of typically self-inflicted Hollywood celebrity deaths.[4] A sampling of deaths caused by Hollywood values include:[5][6]

Nick Adams, 36, TV actor died of an overdose from barbiturates. Jeremy Applegate, 24, suicide, ironically after saying (in a voiceover scene) in 1989's teen film Heathers "I hope this never happens to me, because I couldn't handle suicide". John Barrymore, 60, cirrhosis of the liver from heavy drinking. John Belushi, 33, was a repeated drug abuser who ultimately died of a lethal injection of cocaine and heroin. Clara Blandick, 81, "Aunt Em" in The Wizard Of Oz committed suicide in 1962 by O.D.'ing on prescription meds. John Bonham, 32, after too much drinking, asphyxiated on vomit. Elisa Bridges, 28, Playboy magazine model, drug overdose combining heroin, methamphetamine and other drugs. Joseph Brooks, 73, Hollywood producer, composer, lyricist, and accused multiple rapist committed suicide. Timothy Buckley, 29, musician, died of heroin overdose in 1975. David Carradine, 72, died from suffocation, most likely suicide, had history of suicidal thoughts, alcohol and narcotics abuse [7] Stephen Clark, 30, Def Leppard guitarist, drug and alcohol overdose[8] Lana Clarkson, 40, actress and model murdered by Phil Spector Kurt Cobain, 27, lead singer from the band Nirvana, a heroin addict who committed suicide with a shotgun blast to the head. Ray Combs, 40, host of the TV game show Family Feud committed suicide by hanging himself while, ironically, in a psychiatric ward. Jeff Conaway, 60, film and television actor died from a suspected overdose. He struggled with addictions to cocaine and alcohol. Don Cornelius, 75, "Soul Train" TV creator died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. [9] John Costelloe, 47, actor from HBO's The Sopranos known as "Johnny Cakes", shot himself in the head. [10] Bob Crane, 49, the actor's success as one of Hogan's Heroes led to a bizarre life of sex addiction. He was beaten to death in Scottsdale, Arizona. Karl Dane, 47, suicide by gunshot. James Dean, 24, a notoriously reckless and frequently ticketed driver crashed fatally head-on into a car turning left in front of his Porsche (see also crime, below) Kevin DuBrow, 52, lead singer of 1980's metal band Quiet Riot died from an overdose of cocaine. Ryan Dunn, 34, MTV's reality star from the series Jackass, died in a 3:00 AM auto accident after a night of drinking. [7] Eazy-E, 31, AIDS death in 1995 contracted through drug use. Peg Entwistle, 24, leaped to her death from atop the Hollywood sign. Brian Epstein, 32, overdosed on sleeping pills and alcohol. Althea Flynt, 33, wife of Huster publisher Larry Flynt, died of possible AIDS from an infected blood transfusion or prescription drug overdose. Chris Farley, 33, overdose of morphine and cocaine Frances Farmer, 56, cancer brought on by former lifestyle of heavy smoking. Judy Garland, 47, overdosed on sleeping pills Lucy Gordon, 28, British actress from the movie Spiderman 3, hung herself [11] Paul Gray, 38, bassist of heavy metal band Slipknot, died of an overdose of morphine and fentanyl. [12] Lee Grivas, 26, the on-again, off-again boyfriend of actress Christina Applegate, 36, was found dead of an apparent drug overdose[13] Corey Haim, 38, teen idol who starred in many teen movies and then a reality show, died of a drug overdose.[14] Russell Craig Hamer, 42, child actor, self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. Phil Hartman, 49, murdered in his million-dollar house by his drug-addicted third wife, Brynn Hartman Margaux Hemingway, 42, suicide Jimi Hendrix, 27, an enthusiastic abuser of illegal drugs, choked on his own vomit after overdosing on sleeping pills and alcohol while in London. Whitney Houston, 48, singer/actress autopsy reports showed cocaine and drowning as contributors to her death. [15] Rock Hudson, 59, AIDS in 1985. Michael Hutchence, 37, asphyxiated during an auto-erotic act while alone in a Sydney hotel. His wife, Paula Yates (see below), also fell victim to Hollywood Values. Michael Jackson, 50, cardiac arrest from a toxic mixture and abuse of prescription drugs, improperly prescribed by doctors. Richard Jeni, 49, suicide[16] Russell Tyrone Jones (a.k,a. "Old Dirty Bastard"), 35, musician, died of drug overdose two days before his 36th birthday Janis Joplin, 27, heroin overdose Andrew Koenig, 41, child actor in the TV series Growing Pains, committed suicide.[17] Jani Lane, 47, lead singer for the rock band Warrant was found dead in a hotel room. He had a history of alcohol abuse.[18] Heath Ledger, 28, best known as one of Brokeback Mountain's homosexual cowboys, died in his Manhattan apartment in 2008 from an accidental overdose of painkillers, sleeping pills, anti-anxiety medication and other prescription drugs. [19] Bruce Lee (Li Xiaolong), actor, 33, collapsed and died; trace amounts of cannabis found in bloodstream at postmortem; the official cause of death was acute cerebral edema (swelling of the brain) from hypersensitivity to aspirin. Cannabis probably didn't contribute to his death. Stuart Lubbock, 31, found dead in the swimming pool of popular TV entertainer Michael Barrymore, having suffered severe anal trauma, after a drug-fueled party at the star's home Freddie Mercury, 45, born Farrokh Bulsara, lead singer of the band Queen, died from AIDS-related bronchial pneumonia. Sal Mineo, 37, murdered under circumstances that suggested "a homosexual motive". Marilyn Monroe, 36, overdosed on sleeping pills. Keith Moon, drummer of The Who, 32, overdose of Clomethiazole prescribed to treat his alcoholism. Jim Morrison, 27, died of an apparent heroin overdose. Brittany Murphy, 32, motion picture film actress died of cardiac arrest from combining prescription drugs [20] Official death from pneumonia and drug intoxication. Chris Penn, 40, brother of Sean Penn, "died accidentally from an enlarged heart and the effects of a mix of multiple medications". River Phoenix, 23, died from an overdose of cocaine and heroin. Dana Plato, 34, Diff'rent Strokes star, suicide by drug overdose after posing for lesbian pornography. Elvis Presley, 42, large drug intake causes a cardiac arrhythmia, and rumored to have suffocated on the carpet when he collapsed from a drug overdose. Freddie Prinze, 22, actor from Chico and the Man, committed suicide by gunshot to the head. Richard Pryor, 65, comedian with a history of smoking cocaine, died of a heart attack. Virginia Rappe, 30, died of a ruptured bladder incurred at a party hosted by Roscoe Arbuckle. Robert Reed, 59, actor known as Mike Brady on The Brady Bunch was a homosexual with AIDS, died from cancer in 1992.[21] Brad Renfro, 25, became addicted to heroin and was found dead after a night of drinking George Reeves, 45, played Superman from the series Adventures of Superman, suicide by gunshot Rebecca Schaeffer, 21, actress in CBS's television series My Sister Sam, stalked and murdered by a crazed fan in 1989. Ronald, aka "Bon" Scott lead singer of AC/DC chocked on his own vomit on alcohol and illegal drugs in 1980 while touring to support their (appropriately titled ?) album, Highway To Hell. Jean Seberg, 40, actress with clinic depression committed suicide by overdose of alcohol and barbiturates Michael Showers, 45, HBO actor found dead in the Mississippi River.[22] Anna Nicole Smith, 39, accidental overdose on prescription drugs Layne Staley, 34, found dead in apartment two weeks after a drug overdose.[23] Layne promoted the use of hard drugs in the 1992 Alice in Chains song "Junkhead"[24] Dorothy Stratten, 20, murdered by spouse after engaging in extramarital affair David Strickland, 29, cast member of NBC's Suddenly Susan hung himself in a Las Vegas hotel. Sharon Tate, 26, an actress with a hippie lifestyle who was murdered by followers of Charles Manson, a Beatles-obsessed musician wannabe; Manson's followers murdered Tate, who was pregnant and only two weeks from birth, her unborn child, her prior lover, who was staying with her while her husband, movie producer Roman Polanski (see 'Crime', below), was away, and another unmarried couple staying in the house. (It is believed that Manson had actually intended his followers to kill the home's previous residents, Terry Melcher (son of Doris Day) and Candice Bergen.)[25] [26] Lou Tellegen, 52, a silent film and stage actor, suicide Lupe Velez, 36, 1920s-1940s movie actress, suicide by an overdose of sleeping pills; she was pregnant and didn't want an illegitimate child. Sid Vicious, 21. Heroin overdose while awaiting trial for his girlfriend's murder in New York City. Herve Villechaize, 50, actor who played the character Tattoo on the hit show Fantasy Island, committed suicide by self-inflicted gunshot. Kenneth Williams, 62, comedian and actor, heart failure from interaction of pain medication and sleeping pills. Amy Winehouse, 27, young singer with a life of substance abuse. Toxicology reports showed alcohol but no illegal drugs found in her system.[27] Natalie Wood, 43, actress, drowned while intoxicated. Paula Yates, 41, television writer, heroin overdose. "Coroner Dr Paul Knapman told Westminster Coroners Court she had not committed suicide but said her behaviour had been "foolish and incautious". Her death was the result of "an unsophisticated taker of heroin" using drugs, he said. The court heard that 0.3mg of morphine per litre of blood was found in her body, which would not have been enough to kill her had she been a heroin addict."[28] Bubba Smith, 66, football player and actor, died from an overdose of diet pills.[29] Actor Jonathan Brandis committed suicide in 2003.[30] Singer Elliott Smith committed suicide in 2003 by stabbing himself in the chest.[31]

The loose sexual morals characteristic of the lifestyle defined by Hollywood Values often lead to sexually transmitted diseases. Examples include,

Rock Hudson died of AIDS-related complications after contracting the disease through homosexual intercourse. Michael Jeter, who was homosexual, also died due to AIDS-related complications. Freddie Mercury of the rock group Queen, notorious for his flamboyant onstage presence, also contracted AIDS through his wildly promiscuous homosexual lifestyle, and subsequently perished of the self-inflicted condition.

Hollywood values often include being arrested or convicted for a variety of crimes. Here are some examples:

Frances Farmer, arrested in 1942 for driving with bright lights in a "dim out" zone that affected the West Coast during World War II and allegedly for not having a drivers license. In 1943, she assaulted a hairdresser who she claimed insulted her and also failed to appear in court for the remainder of her previous fine. When arrested in 1943, she resisted and was eventually placed under guardianship of her mother, who eventually committed her to various psychatric hospitals until 1950 (the guardianship lasted until 1953). Paris Hilton was convicted in 2007 of driving while intoxicated, and then violated the terms of her probation, leading to a 45-day prison sentence.[32] She was also arrested in Las Vegas on 8/27/2010 for possession of a controlled substance, cocaine. The hotel heiress was a passenger in a vehicle that was stopped by police. The driver was arrested for DUI pertaining to drugs, not alcohol. Through further interaction between Hilton and authorities, it was discovered she was in possession of a controlled substance. [33] In order to avoid prison, Hilton pleaded guilty to two misdemeanors, and received a sentence of one year's probation, a fine, community service and also was ordered to complete a drug abuse program. Actress Lori Petty, who was featured in Free Willy and A League of their Own, ran into a 14-year-old skateboarder and was arrested for felony drunk driving charges.[34] Craig Phillip Robinson, the actor famous for playing Darryl Philbin on NBC's The Office, "was arrested on June 29, 2008, on suspicion of possessing MDMA, also known as ecstasy, and methamphetamine."[35] Winona Ryder was convicted of vandalism and grand theft for stealing designer merchandise worth $5,560.40.[36] O.J. Simpson is widely believed to have murdered his wife and her friend, and was found liable in a civil (but not criminal) trial. He has since been convicted of unrelated felonies outside California (Nevada in 2008) and is serving time in Nevada. Jim Bakker, televangelist for the PTL Club, was convicted of accounting fraud in 1989, stemming from the televangelism scandals of the later 1980s. He was sentenced to 45 years in prison and a $500,000 fine, but this sentence was commuted to eight years and the fine was voided. Jimmy Swaggart, also a televagelist and involved in the late 1980s televangelism scandals, was caught in 1991 with yet another prostitute while in Indio California and when asked about, he said "The Lord said it's flat none of your business". Lana Turner was involved with Mafia enforcer John Stompanato, who tried murdering her in 1958, but was himself killed by Lana's daughter, Cheryl, then 14, in an incident that would be ruled justifiable. Hugh Grant was arrested in 1995 in Los Angeles when he found in a car with a known prostitute.[37] Stacy Keach, movie actor, was sentenced to 9 months imprisonment in the United Kingdom in 1984 after being arrested at London Heathrow Airport in possession of a large quantity of cocaine. Kiefer Sutherland, an actor starring in Fox television series 24 was given a 48-day sentence for DUI in 2007, an offense committed while still on probation following a 2004 conviction for DUI.[38] He was also charged with misdemeanor assault for allegedly head-butting a fashion designer at a nightclub in 2009. [39] Linda Blair of The Exorcist (I & II's) fame was arrested in 1977 for possession of cocaine with intent to sell. George Michael was convicted of "committing a lewd act in public", having been arrested in a public restroom by a plain clothes police officer. Arrested in September 2008 in a London public lavatory, he was found in possession of crack cocaine and cannabis - but merely received a caution. [40] Snoop Dogg, a popular rapper, was arrested in 2006 for marijuana possession. He is a libertarian[41] who advocates legal marijuana use.[42] Roman Polanski, Polish-born film director & producer, is unable to return anywhere in the United States as he jumped bail in 1978 and fled to France after being convicted on charges of unlawful sexual intercourse with a thirteen-year old girl. Rapper DMX (Earl Simmons) was caught on camera drag racing at a speed over 110 miles on a freeway, and then a SWAT team was used to arrest him three days later on drug and animal cruelty charges. "The Maricopa County sheriff's office says the 37-year-old, whose real name is Earl Simmons, at first tried to barricade himself in his bedroom. He came out as a SWAT team entered during the early-morning raid Friday."[43] Martha Stewart was charged with illegal insider trading in 2003.[44] Tatum O'Neal was arrested in 2008 for cocaine possession. [45] James Dean was frequently stopped and ticketed for many driving offenses. Redmond O'Neal, son of Farrah Fawcett and Ryan O'Neal, pled guilty to possessing heroin and methamphetamine as well as driving under the influence of drugs.[46] Actor Nick Nolte was arrested for drunk driving in 2002.[47] Sean Bean was arrested and spent the night in a cell after allegedly beating his wife.[48] Shelley Malil, 43, worked as an actor in movies and television. He is charged with causing great bodily injury and using a deadly weapon on Kendra Beebe, a 35-year-old mother of two. He appeared on the back patio of Kendra's house and stabbed her 20 times. Now held on a $10 million dollar bond. [49] Former child actor Skylar Deleon, who had a minor part in one episode of the Power Rangers series, was found guilty of three murders, including those of Tom and Jackie Hawks, who were allegedly bound to the anchor of their yacht and tossed overboard. [50] He was subsequently sentenced to death.[51] Musician George O'Dowd, better known by his stage name, Boy George in the 1980s band Culture Club, was convicted for handcuffing a male escort to a bed against his will and then beating him with a chain.[52] He served 4 months of his 15-month sentence in jail, and then spent an additional 90 days on home detention with electronic surveillance. Earlier he had been convicted of cocaine possession. Dana Plato was arrested for armed robbery and prescription forgery. Todd Bridges assaulted a motorist and was repeatedly arrested for drug-related offenses. Gary Coleman was arrested for assaulting a woman by punching her in the face. Musician/Producer Phil Spector was found guilty of second-degree murder for the shooting death of actress Lana Clarkson. [53] Actor Elmore "Rip" Torn was arrested for breaking into a bank and carrying a firearm while intoxicated. In 2009, he was given probation in a drunk-driving case. [54] Former teen actor Leif Garrett was arrested for possession of a controlled substance. He has a number of former arrests including heroin possession. [55] Sean Penn was charged with criminal battery and vandalism for attacking the paparazzi in October 2009. [56] Comedian Andy Dick was arrested for groping an employee and a patron of a nightclub in West Virginia. [57] Actor Nicholas Brendon from Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Criminal Minds was arrested March 2010 in a drunken scuffle with police. He was charged with resisting arrest, two counts of battery against a police officer and felony vandalism. Brendon has a history of alcoholism.[58] Hollywood television producer Bruce Beresford-Redman of CBS's Survivor series was arrested as the lead suspect in the murder of his wife. [59] Actor Chris Klein, star of the American Pie films, which glorify sex and alcohol abuse, was arrested for drunk driving in June 2010[60] Actor Michael Brea played roles in Ugly Betty and Step Up 3D, killed his 55-year old mother with a sword while yelling Bible verses. [61] TV host and actor Gary Collins was arrested and charged with a felony for allegedly leaving a restaurant without paying his $59.35 tab. [62] Actress Jaime Pressly was arrested for driving under the influence. [63] Korey Rowe, producer of the 9/11 conspiracy film Loose Change, was arrested for selling heroin.[64] Lindsay Lohan is facing felony grand theft charges; she was charged with stealing a $2500 necklace from a Venice boutique.[65] Christina Aguilera was arrested under the misdemeanor charge of public intoxication.[66] Actor Tom Sizemore was arrested on an outstanding warrant for battery. [67] Canadian filmmaker Roger Avery, who had collaborated with Quentin Tarantino in the past, was convicted of drunk driving and vehicular manslaughter in August 2009.[68] Christian Bale was arrested for assaulting his mother.[69] Nicole Polizzi, star of the reality show Jersey Shore, was arrested in July 2010 for disorderly conduct and a month later was fined $500 for the charges that followed.[70] On May 31, 2011 she got into troubles with the law once more, this time in Italy.[71] David Faustino, known primarily for playing Bud in Married With Children, was arrested in 2007 for possessing marijuana.[72] Actress Natasha Lyonne has a long history of crime and drug use.[73] Hollywood producer Robert Evans was convicted in 1980 of possessing cocaine.[74] Pop star Gary Glitter was conivcted several times on charges related to child pornography and statutory rape.[75] Former child actor Taran Noah Smith from "Home Improvement" was arrested for a DUI and drug possession. [76] Zsa Zsa Gabor slapped a policeman in Beverly Hills in 1989 when she was stopped for a traffic violation.

See also: Essay:Worst Liberal Movies

Hollywood values perpetuate liberal-driven falsehoods:

20 minute mini-documentary on Barack Obama, narrated by actor Tom Hanks, is more fiction than fact, more fantasy than reality. HBO's anti-Republican propaganda film about Sarah Palin. Stars and Executives of the production gave $200K to Democrats, Zero to Republicans. [77] A 2010 film by Democrat donor Charles Ferguson that blames the Great Recession on Wall Street, deregulation, the Bush Administration. The film whitewashes Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac's role and claims the financial system corrupted politics. Capitalists are the bad guys. Another Bush bash flick starring communist Sean Penn. 2010 film rehashes the lead up to the war in Iraq and Valerie Plame's role. Typical un-American Hollywood film "The narrative that Karl Rove and Dick Cheney’s Chief of Staff Scooter Libby were nefarious behind-the-scenes players intent on destroying innocent reputations while pushing the nation into war on false pretenses." [78] Meryl Streep plays Margaret Thatcher in this gross mistake of a film. Liberals distort her triumphs and her low career points. Streep portrays Thatcher as a dementia-sufferer looking back at her life with sadness. The director defended the film as "a fictional film but it will be fair and accurate.” Thatcher's children Mark and Carol are appalled and say “They think it sounds like some Left-wing fantasy." [79] A liberals view of the circumstances surrounding the death of football star and Army Ranger Pat Tillman. The film portrays each and every fact as sinister. Plus, each and every fact is evidence of a conspiracy. Typical Hollywood George W. Bush bashing flick. The bias was clear, make Tillman a liberal atheist anti-war hero that was cannon-fodder for the government. Tillman's actions speak louder than any twisted accusations presented in this documentary. [80] Adherents to Hollywood values "green-lighted a troika of Matthew Shepard movies after he was senselessly killed because it affirmed their gut feeling that a gay young man living in backward America is destined for death at the hands of hateful ultraconservatives. A street in West Hollywood still stands in his name despite ABC News reporting the story false: He was killed by crazed meth addicts for drugs and money -- not because he was gay. Isn't that tragic enough? Yet Shepard is still the icon of gay victims' rights, and the mistaken story of his 'fate' soon thereafter befell Jake Gyllenhaal's character in 'Brokeback Mountain.' The Oscar statuette stands as the exclamation point."[81] Hollywood perpetuated complete lies about the Scopes Trial in order to smear Christianity, including: portraying William Jennings Bryan as being ignorant, harsh and punitive, based on a false portrayal of his actions and testimony falsely claiming that at the end Bryan, in a senseless fit of madness, died in the courtroom amid caring and reasonable Darwinists falsely portraying the Darwinists in a positive light and the Christians as deceitful In real life, Bryan and the Christians won the trial and were charitable to the end, while the Darwinist Darrow was deceitful in reneging on his deal to take the witness stand after Bryan did. The 2000 film U 571 had a plot which was based on the first capture of a German Enigma machine in World War 2. However, in the film the capture is made by Americans. In fact the first Enigma machine was captured by the British in 1941 prior to the Americans entering the war. 2011 documentary "feature length lie" is a PBS film regarding the thwarted domestic terrorist attack at the 2008 Republican National Convention and liberals attempt to re-write history. [82] The 2008 HBO movie on the 2000 Presidential elections and its aftermath in Florida. A look into how the Republicans stole the election and the role of its party members that made it happen. Republicans are portrayed as ghoulish and cited as manufacturing demonstrations. Both the real Warren Christopher and James Baker contend the film’s portrayal of the former is hopelessly untrue. [83] The 1972 film about U.S. troops from Vietnam put on record as baby killers, human rights violators, and general disservice to America. This myth was propagated by a few anti-war activist liberal actors that never did see combat in Vietnam and some were never in the country. The initial result was to hold hearings in Congress over the matter. All allegations were proven fabrications, falsehoods, and lies. The 2006 false documentary about man-made global warming created & hyped by Al Gore. A British court found the film contained at least 11 material falsehoods. The Science and Public Policy Institute has found 35 falsehoods associated with the film. [84] A 2004 Clint Eastwood pro-euthanasia film in which Eastwood euthanasies his boxing trainee at her request after she suffered a crippling blow from her opponent that left her incurable. Especially controversial since 2005 when real life Terri Schiavo was euthanasied by her husband. Also 2004. A Bill Condon film depicting the life of fraudulent sex researcher Alfred Kinsey. Especially anti-Christian in early scenes' portrayals of Christians as narrow-minded, hypocritical, mean-spirited and stingy. Normalizes all forms of illict sex, esp. homosexual (of which Condon is an activist for), which resulted in the current venereal disease epidemics (i.e. AIDS), widespread abortion, divorce, pornography, sex crimes and unmarried parenting and related urban poverty and violence by irresponsible parents. 2005. Like Kinsey, it's also extremely graphic and pro-homosexual in its story of an off and on "romance" between two rural Wyoming cowboys during the 1960s-1980s. A Michael Moore film that was a false portrayal of why America fought a war against Saddam Hussein's Iraq. The main theme was to attack George W. Bush during wartime. Another Michael Moore film which spread many falsehoods about American healthcare while unduly glorifying the so-called benefits of socialized healthcare. Memorably referred to Cuban healthcare as being better than American healthcare. Brian De Palma’s 2007 fictional anti-Iraq War film funded by Mark Cuban. The film is credited with inspiring a terrorist attack that killed two U.S. servicemen in Germany. [85]

Many celebrities and other exponents of Hollywood Values have no respect for the sanctity of marriage - their own or anyone else's. This is manifested in a high rate of marriage breakdown, and by the home-wrecking activities of the promiscuous, whose moral outlooks have been distorted by liberal and atheistic teachings.

Ingrid Bergman, Swedish actress who achieved U.S. fame in the 1940s with Casablanca (1942) and The Bells Of St. Mary's (1945). In 1950, Ingrid, who was married to fellow Swede, Peter Lindstrom, had an affair with director Roberto Rosellini while in Italy while filming his direction of Stromboli (1950) and remained there after becoming pregnant with his child. This caused her to be blacklisted from U.S. films for several years and denounced from pulpits as "an agent of evil" until her comeback in Anastasia (1956). Her marriage to Rosellini, like the one to Lindstrom, ended in divorce, as did her third and last marriage afterwards to Lars Schmidt. Bergman died August 29, 1982 in London on the night of her 67th birthday. Bonnie Lee Bakely was married ten times, divorced four, annuled five and her last marriage (to Robert Blake) was the only one ending in death-hers in 2001. Humphrey Bogart, His first three marriages ended in divorce and his fourth (to Lauren Bacall) was the only one ending in death-his from throat cancer in 1957, age 51. Joan Crawford (real name Lucille Fay LeSueur), last of Hollywood's "movie queens" with roles spanning 45 years (1925-1970, most of her popularity in the 1930s) and long since a homosexual idol, was married and divorced three times and named as the other woman in at least one affair with a married man. Her fourth and last marriage to Pepsi Company's president Alfred Steele was the only one ending in death (his in 1959). When Joan died in 1977, her public disinheriting of her two oldest remaining adopted children from her $2M estate "for reasons that should be well known to them" was said to have caused her oldest daughter, Christina, to write her best-selling book Mommie Dearest (1978, adapted into film in 1981), which alleged a lifetime of extramarital affairs, alcoholism and selfishness-induced child abuse at a time when child abuse was rarely talked about in public. Unfortunately, like her adoptive mother, Christina also got married and divorced three times in her own lifetime. Frances Farmer, who as a public schooler in 1931, denied God in a controversial award winning high school essay and in 1935, visited the USSR, was also popular in the 1930s to the point of being considered "the next Greta Garbo", had three marriages at least two of whom ended in divorce, with extramarital affairs during at least one that included one with married writer Clifford Odets. She also had multiple abortions when abortion was illegal; the guilt of which caused her to avoid all contact with children. In 1958, however, when she moved to Indianapolis (she died there in 1970 at age 56), a friend's child whispered to her that she was "good", something that nobody ever said or thought about her before. Soon afterwards, she went to St. Joan of Arc Catholic Church, where she went to confession of all her sins and took up classes about and was eventually baptized into the Catholic faith in 1959, turning away from her former lifestyle. Judy Garland, best known as "Dorothy Gale" in The Wizard Of Oz had five marriages, the first four ended in divorce, the last ended only three months later in her death in London from a barbituate O.D. in 1969 at age 46. Florence Henderson, despite her wholesome Carol Brady image on The Brady Bunch, fell victim to these values (adultery) during her first marriage to Ira Bernstein in the late 1960s and early 1970s in an affair with New York City's then-mayor John Lindsay, who she claims gave her crab lice. She divorced Berstein in 1985 and married John Kappas in 1987, which lasted until his death in 2002. Katharine Hepburn, whose movie and TV career spanned over 60 years, married to get money for her career in 1928 at age 21. It ended in divorce in 1941, after about 13 years. Shortly afterwards, she entered into adulterous relationships with her agent, Leland Hayward as well as Howard Hughes and Spencer Tracy, the latter for 26 years until Tracy's death in 1967 at 67. The only "respect" Katharine had for Spencer's marriage was that she didn't attend Spencer's funeral. Lana Turner Seven of her eight of her marriages ended in divorce and one in annulment. Two of them (her second & third) were to the same man. Larry King (real name Lawrence Zeiger) has been married eight (8) times to seven (7) different women. Elizabeth Taylor has been married eight (8) times, including a nearly 6-year marriage to Senator John Warner (R-VA). Taylor was married to and divorced twice from Richard Burton.[86] Spencer Tracy, best known as Father Flannigan in both Boys Town films (1938 and 1941) and also for the pro- evolution Inherit The Wind (1960) and post World War II court drama Judgment at Nuremberg (1961), was married to Louise Ten Broeck Treadwell from 1923-his death in 1967 but engaged in affairs with Joan Crawford, Ingrid Bergman and his longest one with Katharine Hepburn until his death at the same time, claiming his "devout Catholic faith" was why he never got or sought a divorce from Treadwell. Valerie Bertinelli said her divorce from Eddie Van Halen was caused by infidelity and drug use - by her too. She said she was "destroying my body," trying to keep up with a rock-star lifestyle. [87] Eva Gabor, younger sister of Zsa Zsa Gabor, was married and divorced five times and had extramarital affairs with Frank Sinatra among others. Zsa Zsa Gabor has been married nine (9) times. One of her marriages - to Felipe de Alba - was annulled after one day. Her current (9th) marriage to Frederic Prinz von Anhalt is the only one that is still intact. Mickey Rooney has been married eight (8) times, but has been with his last wife for 30 years after embracing religion and abandoning his previous lifestyle. Frank Sinatra was married four times, divorced the first three, had affairs with Ava Gardener and Zsa Zsa Gabor and had flings with prostitutues. Charlie Chaplin married four (4) times, including his marriage at the age of 54 to an 18-year-old bride. James Cameron has been married five (5) times, one of which ended when he cheated on his wife. He also had an out of wedlock child with his fourth wife. Johnny Carson married four (4) times, and frequently made light of his having divorced three times, as if this were something funny. Meredith Baxter from Family Ties, was married and divorced four (4) times. In 2009, she finally admitted that she is a homosexual. Larry Flynt's first three marriages ended in divorce, his fourth marriage was the only one ending in widowment (his by Althea's death) and his current one to Elizabeth Berrios in 1998 came when his daughter, Toyna, published her book Hustled in which she claims she was sexually abused as a child by him and has since been disowned when she became a Christian and anti-pornography activist. In 2009, the married David Letterman admitted to having had adulterous sexual relationships with multiple members of his staff; he had previously fathered a child out of wedlock. Jayne Mansfield was married three times and had numerous extramarital affairs. She appeared in the centerfold of the pornographic magazine Playboy, and died in 1967 at 42 in an automobile accident that was said to have been brought on by a curse placed by Satanist Anton LaVey on her lover, Sam Brody, who was driving at the time and had also died, after expressing his hate for LaVey's cult. Britney Spears' 2004 marriage to Jason Alexander lasted 55 hours. Musicians Cher and Gregg Allman were married for eight days in 1975. Drew Barrymore has two of the shortest celebrity marriages on record, one of 30 days and a five-month marriage to notorious lowbrow comedian Tom Green. Barrymore is a poster child for Hollywood values, as a former child star who became an alcoholic and drug addict who also posed for pornographic magazines. Arnold Schwarzenegger, made public that he had an adulterous relationship and fathered a child with another woman. Halle Berry, a fanatic supporter of Barack Hussein Obama[88], had been married two times in the past and gave birth out of wedlock.[89] Later on, Berry and her baby's father Gabriel Aubry had split and a custody battle between the two ensued.[90] Eddie Murphy impregnated former Spice Girl Melanie Brown without marrying her[91] and later on severed all contact with Melanie and their daughter.[92] Kim Kardashian and NBA player Kris Humphries got divorced after 72 days.[93] Producer Robert Evans has been divorced seven times.[94] Actor Gary Oldman had been married four times.[95] Pamela Anderson has been divorced three times and her latest marriage lasted for only two months.[96] Gregg Allman, founding member of The Allman Brothers band, has been married six times and is engaged once again. He has a new memoir out with a Christian title "My Cross to Bear". [8] Alec Baldwin, now star of 30 Rock, made an obscene phone call in 2007 to his small daughter, Ireland, calling her, among other things, "a thoughtless little pig". James Dean displayed an unhealthy interest in a 12 year old boy. Charlie Sheen to Wife Brooke Mueller: "I'll Kill You." [97]. Sheen was arrested on Christmas Day, 2009 for domestic abuse of his current wife Brooke. He was booked for second-degree assault, menacing, and criminal mischief. [98] Sheen has a history that includes assaults against girlfriends and his former wife. He is also infamous for drug/alcohol abuse, having tried (and failed) numerous attempts in rehab clinics. He was fired from the sitcom Two and A Half Men where, in true Hollywood hypocrisy, he played an "amusingly" alcohol-abusing ladies' man, except the lifestyle proves consequence-free-at least from bad results. Sheen has become dangerously unhinged in recent weeks and has been making increasingly bizarre rants online. No one from Hollywood has yet to step in. Trashing hotel rooms is a favorite form of offensive behavior by Hollywood types. Many examples are readily available on the internet.[99] Mel Gibson, who had started drinking again, was arrested in 2006 after being stopped for driving at 84 mph in a 45 mph zone on a notoriously dangerous road in Malibu, California.[100] A breathalyzer test confirmed he was drunk and next to him was an open bottle of Tequila; after being arrested he hurled anti-Semitic abuse at the Jewish police officer who stopped him.[101] The parents of Miley Cyrus, just 15 years old, allowed Annie Liebowitz to pose the starlet without a shirt or bra (nominally "topless") and with just a sheet covering her front for Vanity Fair magazine.[102][103][104] "I took part in a photo shoot that was supposed to be 'artistic' and now, seeing the photographs and reading the story, I feel so embarrassed," Cyrus said Sunday in a statement through her publicist. "I never intended for any of this to happen and I apologize to my fans who I care so deeply about." [105] "... a situation was created to deliberately manipulate a 15-year-old in order to sell magazines," a network statement said. [106] Many Hollywood stars who have purposely sought fame have then turned violent upon photographers and fans. Sean Penn is well known to lash out at photographers. The parents of 16-year old Jamie Lynn Spears allowing her unwed pregnancy to be publicly portrayed as a normal act even though she is a role model for millions of underage teenagers. Gloucester, Massachusetts mayor, Carolyn Kirk, recently blamed the glamorizing of teen pregnancy by Jamie Lynn Spears for the 17 high school teenagers that got pregnant at the same time that Spears did. [107] Ellen DeGeneres proudly displays her gay sexuality for all to see. On August 16, 2008, DeGeneres "married" Portia de Rossi in a small ceremony in Beverly Hills. Fox News called it "the biggest celebrity union since California legalized same-sex marriage." [108] Now, her fans and millions of young girls can read about her gay "marriage" in magazines such as People and Us Magazine and hear about it on celebrity news television shows. Rapper Kanye West and his bodyguard attacked the paparazzi at LAX airport and allegedly smashed a $10,000 camera on the floor. The pair were arrested for felony vandalism. [109] Heather Locklear was arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence of a controlled substance. The officer noticed Locklear's car parked on a state highway and blocking a lane in Montecito, Ca. [110] Ozzy Osbourne is long known for having bitten off bats' and doves' heads, urinating on the Alamo and deficating in hotels' elevators and flower pots. Celebrity of the moment Kourtney Kardashian gave a risque lingerie shoot while pregnant with her boyfriend's child. After birth, Mom and baby adorned magazine covers, highlighting the modern acceptance of single motherhood. The cover reads "Baby Mason will bring our family together," obscuring the traditional meaning of family. [111] Actor Jude Law had a sexual relationship with model Samantha Burke that produced a daughter. It is reported that Law finally went to visit his daughter for the first time, 5 months after she was born. [112] Actor Tom Hanks called Mormons 'un-American' for their support of Proposition 8 in California. [113] Woody Allen seduced and took pornographic photographs of the youthful daughter of his then girlfriend Mia Farrow. Director John Waters claims that is biggest influence for his "films" are pornographic movies. In addition, he is openly gay and thinks he's okay. John Cusack calls for a Satanic death cult to descend on Fox News, Dick Armey, Newt Gingrich and GOP welfare freaks. [114] Brad Pitt, appearing in a Spike Lee film announces his desire to see BP executives get the death penalty. [115] Pitt also admitted to having a history of drug use, and while he claims it belongs in his past Quentin Tarantino has said otherwise.[116] Tracy Morgan made lewd comments about Sarah Palin.[117] Keith Richards, guitarist of the Rolling Stones, has said that he snorted his father's ashes.[118] During one of his performances, Michael Richards lashed at a member of the audience with racial slurs.[119] Larry Wachowski, one of the directors of The Matrix, previously dressed in drag before receiving a sex change and now goes by Lana Wachowski. International filmmaker, Federico Fellini did acid as a source of inspiration. Trey Parker and Matt Stone, creators of South Park, attended the 2000 Academy Award Ceremony while dressed in drag; later on they admitted to taking drugs prior to doing so.[120]

See also: Liberalism and bestiality

"I draw the line at bestiality because it’s unfair to the dog or the cat. If the dog or the cat had consciousness, then that’d be OK with me. Sexuality has nothing to do with morality."[121]

Another manifestation of Hollywood's offensiveness and moral depravity is found in many of its "comedy" movies. More so than any other entertainment industry, many Hollywood productions rely on lowbrow, juvenile humor. Unlike more intelligent comedies of the early to mid-20th century (such as The Great Dictator or Arsenic and Old Lace), many contemporary Hollywood comedies eschew intelligence, social commentary, wit or satire in favor of lower-hanging fruit, such as "toilet humor," nudity/sex, gratuitous violence and shock value. Examples of such films include:

American Pie - a long-running film franchise primarily dealing with teenage sex and alcohol; it relies on jokes about sex and bodily functions Jackass - These films are essentially montages of ridiculous stunts and pranks with no coherent story Beavis and Butthead 1990s MTV series and its 1996 movie adaptation ("Beavis and Butthead Do America") make fun of injuries and their related suffering and, in the movie version, "moon" (expose their buttockses) nuns. Mel Brooks History of The World Part I (1981) makes fun of, among other things, the Dawn of Man by showing cavemen breaking their feet and creating the first homosexual marriage, Moses bringing the Ten Commandments to the Israelites by literally breaking the extra five, many sex jokes and a mockery of the Last Supper in its Roman Empire scenes, mocked the sufferings of Jews under 1489's Spanish Inquistion and shows France's King Louis XVI (played by Brooks) in the French Revolution scenes using real humans as skeet targets for his target practice games, while hypocritically saying, "I detest violence". TV sitcoms All In The Family and its first spinoff Maude included controversial subjects in an often depressing way. Maude for example, had its title character getting an abortion in its first year. Later sitcom entries Married With Children, Roseanne and The Simpsons (latter is still running over 20 years on) are also full of such humor. South Park - uses constant iterations of urine, feces, farting and shock humor, such as jokes about abortion, rape and the Holocaust. There's Something About Mary - contains gratuitous sex and jokes about bodily functions Family Guy - notorious for its shock tactics, this show routinely employs willful tastelessness for comedic shock value. Examples include one regular character who is a pedophile, a pet dog who drinks heavily as well as constant Hitler jokes. Cheech and Chong films are the original pot pair. Harold and Kumar films - the adventures of the pot-smoking duo that play up ethnic stereotypes, ala Cheech & Chong. Dogma- A movie that makes fun of the Bible and religion. Lowbrow comedies like Porky's, Vacation (Chevy Chase, Beverly D'Angelo), Police Academy and Revenge of The Nerds serieses are full of all of the above.

Hollywood values often result in celebrities going into rehabilitation clinics. Here are some examples:

The following all checked into the above facility seeking treatment for various psychological problems:

David Duchovny, having boosted Hollywood Values through his role in a decadent television series, now finds himself trapped by the depravity that he promoted, and has had to enter rehab for his addiction to unchastity[125].

Hollywood personalities often propose legislation such as outlawing private gun ownership, or speak out against things such as anti-gun laws, but have at the same time acted in movies contrary to their own public opinions:

George Clooney on hearing that fellow actor and gun-rights advocate, Charlton Heston, suffers from Alzheimer's disease, said: "I don't care. Charlton Heston is the head of the National Rifle Association. He deserves whatever anyone says about him."[126] Clooney starred in the film The Peacemaker, in which he played an American military man defending the country from a nuclear attack; scenes in the film showed him using a gun to defend himself and others. Mark Wahlberg upon meeting Charlton Heston on the set of 2001's remake of Planet of the Apes, Wahlberg rudely told Heston, "It was very disturbing meeting you." Later, Wahlberg would have this to say at the MTV Movie Awards: "I believe Charlton Heston is America's best villain because he loves guns so much. Maybe he should get the award for being president of the National Rifle Associati on."[127] Wahlberg's character in Planet of the Apes uses a gun to defend himself and other humans from the apes who would rule over them. The Toyota Prius: Many celebrities will often be seen driving a Prius when in the public eye but drive a supercar such as a Porsche or Ferrari when they believe people are not watching. Rapper Kanye West infamously went way off script during a live benefit concert for victims of Hurricane Katrina, criticizing the media's treatment of images of black and white people and saying President George W. Bush "doesn't care about black people."[128] During the live broadcast of the 2007 Emmy Awards, actress Sally Field went on a sputtering anti-war rant, eventually concluding by saying, "If the mothers ruled the world, there would be no g**d*** war in the first place." She received thunderous applause from the Hollywood audience for her vulgar remark.[129] Michael Moore surprised no one by criticizing President Bush during his 2003 Oscar acceptance speech for "Bowling for Columbine," saying, "We live in the time where we have fictitious election results that elect a fictitious president. We live in a time where we have a man who's sending us to war for fictitious reasons, whether it's the fiction of duct tape or the fiction of orange alerts. We are against this war, Mr. Bush. Shame on you, Mr. Bush. Shame on you."[130] Actress Jessica Lange verbally attacked President Bush and the Iraq War during a 2008 commencement speech at Sarah Lawrence College in Yonkers, New York, stating, "We are living in an America that, in the last seven and a half years, has waged an unnecessary war, established prison camps, condoned torture, employed corporate armies, eliminated the right of habeas corpus, practiced extraordinary rendition, and believe me, this is only a partial list."[131] Actress Megan Fox was recently quoted by MSN in a piece entitled "The Wit and Wisdom of Megan Fox" discussing her new movie Transformers 2. She said "why not just take out all of the white trash, hillbilly, anti-gay, super Bible-beating people in Middle America?” [132]

Hollywood places a value on appearance and it is driven into the minds of those who they seek profits and adulation from. There is such a need to be rich and famous that anything goes. It may be glamorizing to reveal skin [133] or shamelessly being sex symbols to audiences. Pat-your-back awards ceremonies whereby we breathlessly await the stars to arrive. Naturally, scandals make big headlines and these people are no stranger to controversy for money. These fake gods have captured the hearts of millions upon millions who follow their every move. Negative stereotypes poison the minds of their followers. Women feel less worthy due to the overwhelming influence touching every part of society. Penn State's Media Research found the following regarding women's magazines, "Past research indicates that exposure to thin models results in lower self-esteem and decreased weight satisfaction, and to increased depression, guilt, shame, stress, insecurity and body dissatisfaction." [134]

Celebrity.jpg

Fans of Hollywood are served copious amounts of vanity and glamour as celebrities are greeted on the red-carpet attending award events. Paparazzi snap pictures and the stars are rated for their appearance in various tabloids and entertainment television. Once the celebrities have arrived at the awards, television cameras capture for the masses acceptance speeches of their beloved stars. Once limited to couple of banquets such as the Emmys or Golden Globes, now some two-dozen award shows are vying for exposure. These new award shows offer glimpses into ego and moral depravity of Hollywood. It's not uncommon for the stars to act cool by cussing to the audience during acceptance speeches. These awards shows have become tawdry events that are marketed mostly to teens.

Madonna engages in a lustful lesbian kiss onstage to Britney Spears at the 2003 MTV Music Video Awards. [135] A notoriously self-serving Kanye West jumped onstage at the MTV Video Awards to interrupt an acceptance speech by Taylor Swift. [136] Mariah Carey attended the Palm Springs International Film Festival. Her acceptance speech was made while completely drunk. [137] Miley Cyrus performed at the Teen Choice Awards in August 2009. The 16-year old was dancing around on a stripper pole. [138] Actor Jack Black opened the 2009 MTV Video Awards by leading everyone in a prayer to Satan. [139] Adam Lambert’s American Music Awards performance received over 1500 complaints for flipping off the audience, kissing a male keyboard player, and fondling several of his backup dancers. [140] Nominees for the 13th annual 2011 Teen Choice Awards include a lesbian kiss, a masturbating dog, a pot head middle school teacher. "Teens will vote for their favorites, ranging from artists with hits about S&M, to sex and drug-filled R-rated comedies, to favorite “break up” songs – one nominated song features the “f” word 16 times." [141]

Very many child actors and actresses have gone on to have damaged and tragically short lives as a result of early exposure to Hollywood Values.

Debbie Gibson reflects on her life as a sixteen-year-old teenage Pop star and her exposure to the very sinister side of show business. “It is very disheartening that there are so many older men that prey on young performers.” What is even more disturbing than dirty male fans would be older male record executives trying to take her to adult parties and corrupt her with alcohol. Even the way the paparazzi stalk the younger artists is very different from following around adults. [142]

Former child-actor Corey Feldman tells ABC that a big group of Hollywood executives are responsible for pedophilia and rape of underage stars. [143] Feldman blames the death of troubled teen actor Corey Haim on Haim's Hollywood agent who molested him at age 14. [144]

The father of teen idol Miley Cyrus said Disney destroyed their family. [145] Billy Ray Cyrus accuses Miley's 'handlers' (Disney Executives) of going too far to promote her and when she got bad press they made her father the scapegoat.

MTV is notorious for filming underage reality stars. The pressure of instant fame with people in trying circumstances to begin with, the off camera news starts to creep more into the media. Arrests, suicide attempts, drugs and rehab are just some of the issues involving reality stars personal lives. Legal contracts with the network spell out MTV's rights to exploit their situations on the show. Psychologist Dr. Jeff Gardere. “In this country the media rewards bad behavior with more attention, thus more bad behavior is manifested because it is reinforced and rewarded." [146]

The diseased moral values of the Liberal-dominated entertainment industry are manifested all too clearly in many of the products of that industry - motion pictures and television programs that offer no edification or instruction to the viewer, but plumb a cesspit of license and depravity. Some recent examples include the television series Desperate Housewives and Sex and the City's TV series and its movies.

A short study of the ten most successful actors [147] shows that only 50% are Christian (compared to 76% for the general population), with 30% expressing no religious beliefs at all (15% in the general public). These actors have had successful careers and it is very likely that religious affiliation in regular actors is much lower, exposing or predisposing them to the influence of Hollywood values. David Lynch, for example, is apathetic towards all politics and religions and prefers transcedental meditation instead. Adrian Zmed, 1980s teen idol who starred alongside William Shatner in the 1980s police drama, T.J. Hooker, said in a 1983 interview with People Magazine that his rigid upbringing by his Romanian Eastern Orthodox priest father caused him to play juvenile deliquent and greaser roles (ex. in Broadway's long running stage musical Grease and the 1982 sequel movie Grease 2) as a relief from "having a Father who is *your* father", and had also said "Preachers kids have a sense of rebellion in them".

Scientology is practiced by many Hollywood personalities. Tom Cruise, Krisite Alley and John Travolta are perhaps the most well known Hollywood Scientologists.

Hollywood Against America Hollywood Babylon (1965) by Kenneth Anger (US edition) Hollywood Babylon II (1984) by Kenneth Anger ? http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11714540/? Hollywood gets it right, New York Post, March 09, 2010? Britney Spears "doesn't want [her] kids back." [1]? http://www.hollywoodusa.co.uk/celebrity-death-sites.htm? http://www.abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/story?id=4174733&page=1? http://www.citytv.com/toronto/citynews/entertainment/news/article/20021--list-of-celebrities-taken-by-drug-use-tragic-and-growing? Thai Police: Carradine Death May Be Accidental Suffocation Fox News, June 05, 2009 ? http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1108020/bio? 'Soul Train' creator Don Cornelius dead of apparent suicide, Fox News, February 1, 2012? 'Sopranos' Actor Shocks Fans, Loved Ones With Holiday Suicide NYPost, December 25, 2008? Actress Lucy Gordon Found Dead at Age 28 in Paris, ABC News, May 21, 2009? http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100622/ap_on_en_mu/us_slipknot_bassist_autopsy? http://www.bloggernews.net/116552a? http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8560246.stm? Cocaine found in Whitney Houston's hotel room, report says, Fox News, March 30, 2012? http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,258231,00.html? Andrew Koenig's Body Found in Vancouver Park, Yahoo News, February 25, 2010? [http://www.tmz.com/2011/08/11/warrant-singer-jani-lane-dead-dies-died-hotel-ventura-los-angeles-cherry-pie/ EX-WARRANT SINGER JANI LANE DEAD AT 47, TMZ.com, August 11, 2011]? http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,328828,00.html? Brittany Murphy May Have Taken 109 Vicodin in 11 Days, Fox News, February 27, 2010? Robert Reed in 1990, Fox News? 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Paris Hilton arrested in Las Vegas.? http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7015343906? http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/TV/08/15/office.actor.arrested.ap/index.html? http://www.courttv.com/trials/ryder/? [4]? Sutherland is released from jail BBC? ‘24’ Star Kiefer Sutherland Charged for Allegedly Head-Butting a Fashion Designer Associated Press, May 8, 2009? http://uk.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUKLL28201720080921? http://www.ucllibertarians.com/celebrities.html? http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/dailydish/detail?blogid=7&entry_id=21457? http://news.aol.com/entertainment/music/music-news-story/ar/_a/dmx-arrested-on-animal-cruelty-charges/20080509163709990001? SEC press release (SEC Charges Martha Stewart, Broker Peter Bacanovic with Illegal Insider Trading)? Tatum O'Neal Released After Drug Arrest, Associated Press, Fox News, June 02, 2008.? http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080627/ap_on_en_ot/people_redmond_o_neal;_ylt=AiQCBwpJpxqBOFWVyqEycXsDW7oF Redmond O'Neal pleads guilty to drug charges? http://www.thesmokinggun.com/mugshots/nolte1.html? http://ukpress.google.com/article/ALeqM5hR3pX0eEytJcMo7m5LRLHOYpasSA? 40-Year-Old Virgin' actor pleads not guilty AP, August 13, 2008? [http://articles.latimes.com/2008/oct/21/local/me-deleon21 Deleon guilty of killing couple at sea ? http://www.dcourier.com/main.asp?SectionID=1&SubSectionID=1&ArticleID=66850? http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1092168/Guilty-Boy-George-warned-judge-faces-jail-falsely-imprisoning-male-escort.html? http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/30194936/? Actor Rip Torn Arrested for Allegedly Breaking Into Connecticut Bank, Fox News, January 30, 2010? Leif Garrett Arrested: Former Teen Idol Busted for Controlled Substance, CBS News, February 3, 2010? Sean Penn Charged With Crimes, TMZ, February 19, 2010? Andy Dick charged with felony, shows still on, Herald Dispatch, January 23, 2010? 'Buffy The Vampire Slayer' Star Charged With Police Battery, Vandalism, PopEater.com, April 7, 2010? 'Survivor' Producer 'Suspected' in Wife's Death in Mexico, FOX News, April 8, 2010? http://www.tmz.com/2010/06/16/american-pie-chris-klein-busted-for-dui-arrest/? 'Ugly Betty' Actor Allegedly Kills Mother With 3-Foot Sword While Screaming 'Repent', FOX News, November 24, 2010? TV Host Gary Collins Arrested for Skipping Out on $59 Restaurant Bill, FOXNews, January 5, 2011? Jaime Pressly Blew Nearly Three Times Legal Limit on Breathalyzer Before Arrest, Fox News, January 11, 2011 ? 9/11 Conspiracy Film Producer Arrested on Drug Charges, Fox News, January 31, 2011? [ttp://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/02/05/lindsay-lohan-facing-years-state-prison-jewelry-theft Lindsay Lohan Facing Three Years in State Prison, Fox News, February 5, 2011]? Christina Aguilera Arrested for Public Intoxication, Fox News, March 1, 2011? Actor Tom Sizemore Arrested, Fox News, September 20, 2011? Pulp Fiction writer pleads guilty over deadly car crash - CBC0? Christian Bale Arrested for Allegedly Assaulting Mother, Sister; Actor Denies Allegation - Fox News? MTV's `Snooki' fined $500 for disturbing beachgoers - The Seattle Times? pSnooki crashes into police patrol car in Florence, Causes traffic jam? 'Married With Children' Actor David Faustino Arrested on Marijuana, Intoxication Charges - Fox News? When Living at All Is the Best Revenge - The New York Times? The Rise and Fall and, Now, Rise of Robert Evans - New York Times? Take me off Sex Offender Registry, says Gary Glitter... and taxpayers will fund his appeal - The Daily Mail? 'Home Improvement' actor Taran Noah Smith busted for DUI, drug possession, Fox News, February 2, 2012? [http://newsbusters.org/blogs/noel-sheppard/2012/03/07/game-change-stars-and-execs-gave-200k-democrats-zero-republicans#ixzz1oUdT6O5w 'Game Change' Stars and Execs Gave $200K to Democrats, Zero to Republicans, Newsbusters, March 7, 2012? Hollywood hit job: ‘Fair Game’ propagates easily disprovable myths about lead up to Iraq War http://dailycaller.com/2010/11/10/hollywood-hit-job-fair-game-propagates-easily-disprovable-myths-about-lead-up-to-iraq-war The Daily Caller, November 11, 2010? Margaret Thatcher's family are 'appalled' at Meryl Streep film, Telegraphe.co.uk, July 17, 2010? FILM REVIEW: Absurd Conspiracy Theories Abound in Agenda-Driven ‘Tillman Story’, BigHollywood.com? http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/la-op-dustup26sep26,0,1800794,full.story? ‘Better This World’: Another Chapter in Hollywood’s Love Affair With Terrorists? HBO’s Recount: Hanging Chads, Black Humor The Washington Times, May 4, 2008? 35 Inconvenient Truths, Science and Public Policy Institute? Confirmed: German Authorities Say De Palma’s Anti-Military Movie “Redacted” Motivated Frankfurt Jihadi to Murder American Airmen, March 11, 2011? http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000072/bio? Valerie Bertinelli About Divorce From Eddie Van Halen: 'I Wasn't An Angel Either', Fox News Channel, Associated Press, February 26, 2008? Obamamania verges on obsession - Politico? Celebrities Who Had Kids Out of Wedlock - Fox News? Gabriel Aubry: Another Bad Apple for Halle Berry? - ABC News? Mel B: DNA Proves Eddie Murphy Fathered Her Baby - People Magazine? Mel B writes song about Eddie Murphy - Digital Spy? Sideshow: Smash go Kim and Kris - The Philadelphia Inquirer? Divorce No. 7 for Producer Robert Evans - People Magazine? Gary Oldman: The spy who came in, and brought the cold with him - The Independent? Anderson seeks annulment of marriage to Salomon - USA Today? Charlie Sheen to Wife Brooke Mueller: "I'll Kill You"? Actor Charlie Sheen Released From Jail After Domestic Abuse Arrest, Fox News, December 25, 2009? See, e.g., [5]? Mel Gibson apologizes after DUI arrest Associated Press? Mel Gibson rants against Jews in a drunk-driving arrest, Times Online, July 30, 2006? http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/28/business/media/28hannah.html?_r=1&oref=slogin? http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20195785,00.html? http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,23608789-5001026,00.html? http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gYLnT2kyPIgNUurQ71aNM3EJKpRAD90ARTGO0? http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gYLnT2kyPIgNUurQ71aNM3EJKpRAD90ARTGO0? Gloucester mayor rebuts report of teen pregnancy pact, June 23, 2008? Reports: Ellen DeGeneres and Portia de Rossi Wed AP, August 17, 2008? Kanye West Arrested in Altercation With Paparazzi Ap, September 11, 2008? Heather Locklear Arrested on Suspicion of DUI AP, September 29, 2008? The Kardashian Family, Fox News? Jude Law Makes First Visit To Love Child, CelebrityGossip.net, March 1, 2010? Tom Hanks Apologizes for Calling Mormon Supporters of Proposition 8 'Un-American', Fox News, January 23, 2009? John Cusack Calls for 'Satanic Death' of Fox News, GOP Leaders, FOXNews, August 31, 2010? Brad Pitt: Death Penalty For BP, Politico, August 23, 2010? 'Brad Pitt offered me drugs,' reveals Quentin Tarantino after actor claims he quit cannabis years ago - Daily Mail? TNT Apologizes for Tracy Morgan’s Sarah Palin Comment - New York Magazine? Keith Richards says he snorted father's ashes - MSNBC? Richards 'deeply, deeply sorry' for racial slurs - CBC? Trey Parker and Matt Stone Say Acid Trip Was Behind Drag Appearance at 2000 Oscars - The Inquisitr? In New Book Actor Dan Akroyd Says he Would Support Bestiality if Animals Were Sentient? 122.0 122.1 122.2 122.3 Reports Say Kirsten Dunst in Rehab; Rep for Facility Denies It, Fox News, February 08, 2008? "A spokeswoman for the 47-year-old star said: 'Heather has been dealing with anxiety and depression.'" She "checked into a clinic in Arizona that treats depression."[6]? David Arquette enters rehab; Courteney Cox supportive, L.A. Times, January 3, 2011? http://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSN2835847820080829? http://www.funnyreign.com/quotes-georgeclooney.shtml? http://www.keepandbeararms.com/information/XcIBViewItem.asp?ID=2360? http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/03/AR2005090300165.html? http://www.abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory?id=3610891? http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/features/20030323-2028-oscars-moore.html? http://cbs5.com/politics/Jessica.Lange.President.2.732264.html? Megan Fox would barter using ‘Bible-beating white trash’OneNewsNow.com? The youngest of the Kardashian gals decided flashing photographers was the best way to get some attention, FOX News, April 1, 2010? Construction of Beauty as a Measure of Self-Worth Penn State Media Research? Britney Spears and Madonna Kiss, About.com, 2003? MTV Video Music Awards inspire annual controversy, Examiner.com, September 14, 2009? Video: Mariah Carey Accepts Film Festival Award Drunk, Neonlimelight.com, January 6, 2010? Billy Ray Cyrus Defends Miley's Teen Choice Pole Dance, MTV.com, August 20, 2009? Satan Jack Black Leads A Prayer To The Devil At The 2009 MTV Awards, Christian Press, September 14, 2009 ? Did You Find Adam Lambert’s American Music Awards Performance Offensive?, eCanadanow.com, November 28, 2009? Producers Pick Lesbian Kiss, R-Rated Movies as Teen Choice Award Nominees, Newsbusters.org, August 5, 2011? Debbie Gibson Speaks Out About Pedophile Fans Wanting to 'Corrupt Little Girls' Fox News, July 17, 2009? Child Molestation Allegations Against Hollywood Must Be Investigated? 'Paedophilia is Hollywood's biggest problem,' explosive claim by former child star Corey Feldman, UK Dailymail, August 12, 2011? [http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/02/15/billy-ray-cyrus-scared-daughter-miley-says-hannah-montana-destroyed-family/#?test=faces Billy Ray Cyrus Scared For Daughter Miley, Says Hannah Montana 'Destroyed My Family', Fox News, February 15, 2011 ? Is MTV Responsible When At-Risk Teens it Features Go Off the Deep End?, Fox News, June 17, 2011? http://www.toptenz.net/top-10-most-successful-actors-at-the-box-office.php 10 most successful actors]

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